Stroke is a serious enough diagnosis that can lead to significant complications up to the loss of ability to move normally and even eat. Therefore, before those who have a rupture of the vessel or blockage of the artery, there are two key goals: to recover qualitatively and to prevent repeated problems with the blood flow.
Eating after a stroke, the menu of which will help to make a qualified doctor, plays one of the key roles in achieving the above tasks.
Importance of proper nutrition after a stroke
Because the actual stroke itself is associated with destructive processes in the blood vessels, it is necessary to create a diet that will help the damaged parts of the system to recover. If atherosclerotic plaques are allowed to develop, then a secondary occlusion of the artery or vessel is not excluded. In order to lower the level of cholesterol it is necessary not only to take medications, but also to organize correctly after a stroke the food.
What you should know about the calorie content of food after an ischemic stroke
It is important to remember that ischemic stroke usually leads to complete or partial paralysis. But even if everything went without such sad consequences, the patient is unable to lead an active lifestyle due to severe weakness in the legs. This means that if you use the previous diet, the amount of calories received will not be fully consumed. The consequence of this process will be excess weight and worsening of blood flow. To avoid such a development of events, nutrition after a stroke is built on the basis of a diet that excludes high-calorie food, while leaving the diet itself diverse.
It is worth knowing and the fact that you need to eat on the first day after a stroke. If this is not done, the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract will quickly atrophy, which can lead to the appearance of ulcers. Another negative consequence of a power failure after a stroke is an increased permeability of the bowel wall for bacteria. In this case, the danger lies in the penetration of the bacteria directly into the bloodstream, which can worsen an already grave condition of the patient.
Why you should pay attention to the table number 10
After a stroke, the food can be different and the differences are largely dependent on the reasons for which there was a blockage of blood vessels. If you pay attention to WHO data, you can determine the optimal principles for organizing a diet for people who have suffered a stroke. It is a question of the so-called table 10, which implies the following actions:
- reduction of the total caloric content of food due to carbohydrates and fats of animal origin;
- increase in the percentage of foods that are rich in magnesium and potassium;
- restriction of fluid and salt intake;
- exclusion from the diet of substances that excite the nervous system( chocolate, spices, caffeine, alcohol).
Nutrition after a stroke of an ischemic type should be calculated in such a way that the source of protein is fish, soy, milk and cottage cheese. It is also important to take care of increasing the proportion of vegetable fats. Seafoods deserve special attention when organizing a diet, as their use can not only prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries( the cause of ischemic stroke), but also accelerate the process of resorption of already existing cholesterol deposits.
If you divide the food after a stroke of ischemic type into elements, then the daily diet will look like this:
- proteins 90 g;
- fats of 70 g;
- carbohydrates 400 g;
- liquid from 1.5 liters;
- salt no more than 6 g;
- the total calorie content is 2500 kcal.
The correct diet contributes not only to recovery after a stroke, but also prevents new cases of blockage of the arteries.
Which foods should be the mandatory components of the diet after a stroke
In addition to the necessary dietary restrictions, the diet of a person who has a stroke should be enriched with specific products that play an important role in the recovery process. The following nutrients fall into this category:
- green tea( neutralizes the effects of intoxication resulting from the active use of medicines);
- berries: blueberries and cranberries( strong antioxidants that can destroy atherosclerotic plaques and free the body of free radicals);
- pure water( after a stroke the diet must necessarily include a significant amount of water, which speeds up the metabolism and dilutes the blood);
- vegetables: beets, cabbage and spinach( accelerate biochemical processes and have a beneficial effect on the brain);
- bread with bran( valuable because it is a source of vitamin B6, activating the brain and reducing the risk of a second stroke);
- semi-viscous or crumbly porridge;
- first dishes: soup, soups, borsch;
- lean baked or boiled fish: cod, navaga, perch, pike, carp, pike perch;
- eggs;
- dairy products and milk itself.
The main thing is to understand that a diet is a tool to restore the old state. In other words, if the patient's nutrition after the stroke is organized correctly, then there are all chances to live a relatively long full-fledged life.
Foods that are prohibited by
In order for food not to become the cause of destructive processes after blockage of arteries or blood vessels, it is necessary to exclude some products from the daily diet:
- marinades;
- pickled vegetables;
- mushrooms;
- leguminous crops;
- pasta;
- baking;
- carbonated water;
- sauces that were cooked on broth;
- canned food;
- coffee;
- chocolate;
- acute( prohibited due to the sodium content, increasing the level of cholesterol and sugar in the blood);
- smoked;
- salty;
- flour;
- fried;
- fat;
- sweet.
Eating after a stroke at home means completely giving up salt during the first months of recovery. Only when the patient's condition improves noticeably can you use it in small amounts. The prohibition on the use of salt is explained by the fact that it draws fluid from the surrounding tissues into the blood vessels. The consequence of this process is increased blood pressure.
Drinking regimen
Eating after a stroke inevitably implies a constant intake of fluid. This point of the diet should be taken as seriously as possible, since dehydration can lead to an increase in pressure, which, in turn, can cause another, and more extensive stroke.
The following principle can be used to calculate the amount of liquid: the volume of clean water consumed must be twice the amount of the remaining liquid that enters the body during the day. On average, the patient should drink 2 liters of water per day.
How to Organize Nutrition for Severe Heavy Patients
There are often cases in which elderly people with ischemic stroke develop comorbid conditions. They are also important to consider when preparing a diet, otherwise serious complications are possible.
It can be diseases such as diabetes, liver disease, hypertension and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the recommendations of the attending physician in this situation should be strictly taken into account. Also, in certain cases, after a severe ischemic stroke, the patient's ability to chew and swallow food is impaired. The usual diet here will not be relevant. Nutrition after a stroke of the brain in this case involves the use of a probe and special mixtures( they can easily be purchased at a pharmacy).
Only when the chewing reflex is at least partially restored, the patient can begin to be fed with liquid or crushed products on the blender in the form of puree. In other words, it should be food that does not require any effort for chewing( low-fat cottage cheese, boiled and stewed vegetables, etc.).
It should be noted that after a severe stroke a patient can not eat large portions of food or unmetered slices of food. Therefore, someone should take care of him, producing feeding from a spoon and without haste.
Sample menu
In order to more clearly present the food after a stroke at home , the should consider a specific example. The day menu might look like this:
- Breakfast: a bit of white bread and warm milk with honey.
- Second breakfast: black bread, green salad and weak tea.
- Lunch: vegetable soup with lean beef meat, mashed potatoes, salad with fruit, lemon juice and honey.
- Dinner: a little black bread with butter, dill or sliced greens and kefir.
Results of
As you can see, after a stroke, nutrition plays an important role in the recovery process. The main thing is to approach the issue of forming the menu thoroughly and strictly follow the instructions received from the doctor. The accuracy and literacy of the actions directly determines the number of days a patient can enjoy.