Nodular mastopathy of the breast is a disease that is characterized by the formation in the chest of nodes( one or several) in the form of fibroadenoma or cysts that have a benign character. Exposed to this ailment is mostly women of childbearing age.
Reasons for
It is proved that the nodal breast mastopathy appears with changes in the hormonal background of a woman. Monthly in a healthy female body, under the influence of estrogens and progesterones, which are involved in regulating the menstrual cycle, there are cyclical changes. Reproduction of breast cells occurs in the first phase of the cycle. This process is responsible for estrogens. In the second phase, it is inhibited by the action of progesterones. When there is an imbalance of these hormones( an excess of the first and a lack of the second), when the pathological cells of the breast constantly grow, a stipulated disease arises.
Also nodular mastopathy can develop due to the production of a large amount of prolactin during lactation or during pregnancy. But in addition to hormonal disorders, the appearance of this disease is facilitated by:
- Constant stress and depression.
- Abortions.
- No delivery.
- Overweight.
- Diseases of the liver and thyroid.
- Harmful habits( alcohol and smoking).
- Wearing the wrong( tight) linen.
- Diabetes mellitus.
- Breast injuries.
- Lack of a constant sexual life.
- Absence of lactation period.
- Heredity.
- Tumors of the ovaries.
Nodular mastopathy: symptoms of
Not every woman can notice the appearance of this pathology immediately, especially if it is not accompanied by pain. The very first symptom of this type of mastopathy is the formation in the mammary glands of nodes with distinct contours. With constant self-control, a woman can find them independently. Also nodal mastopathy of the breast can be accompanied by secretions from the nipples. Their consistency and quantity is different. If there are bloody inclusions in the discharge, this indicates a transfer of a benign tumor into a malignant one.
Nodular mastopathy of the breast can be accompanied by swelling of the breast and an increase in the nodules before menstruation. This can lead to painful sensations of a different nature: from slight sensitivity to severe soreness. After menstruation, as a rule, they subside.
Nodular mastopathy of the breast: treatment of
To get rid of this pathology, there are many methods: from hormonal treatment and organization of a woman's nutrition before surgery. But it is noticed that the first methods or have many side effects, or do not have the necessary action. Therefore, most experts recommend the operation. It is performed by one of two methods:
- Enucleation of nodes - only the tumor is removed.
- Sectoral resection is a procedure for cutting out the formation itself and a small part of the breast.
When detected in the chest, cysts can assign a puncture, during which the contents are pumped out through a small puncture in the gland. If there is a re-occurrence of formations, enucleation is recommended.