Diseases of the eye, contrary to popular beliefs, are not limited to visual impairment. And the glasses prescribed by the ophthalmologist, though a nuisance, but not the worst. It is much more dangerous to get an eye injury with a violation of the integrity of the cornea or a purulent inflammation of the eye's auxiliary structures.
Often the oculist hears complaints of the patient, that the eye hurts under the upper eyelid, it is painful to press, blink, blink. This is, as a rule, the manifestation of the inflammatory process of some structure of the upper eyelid, conjunctiva or microtrauma of the cornea.
A bit of anatomy
Our eyes are not just about what we see. In addition, there are a large number of different systems related to the eye, but not fulfilling the immediate function of vision.
Actually, the eyeball is a complex optical organ that has in its structure mutated cells that are peculiar to the brain. In other words, the retina of the eye, which has photosensitive cells - "rods" and "cones" - is the outer representative of the cerebral cortex.
The most massive structure is located in front of the retina - the vitreous body. Before him - able to change the refractive properties of the lens. Outside the "lens" there is a color-giving iris. In the center of it there is a pupil, which, depending on the brightness of the illumination, can expand or narrow. Even more outwardly is the anterior chamber of the eye. And all this is covered with a thin, dense and transparent cornea.
The auxiliary organs and structures assist the eye in a comfortable environment. Inside the eye sockets, the eyes, like a pillow, lie on loose fiber. Move them six muscles. In the inner corner there is a tear sack, along the duct of which the tear fluid constantly maintains the cornea moisturized. Eyelids with eyelashes cover the eye, protecting it from excess light and ingress of foreign bodies.
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eyelids They have two pairs of people, except for the rudimentary third located at the inner corner of the eye. Covered on the outside with very thin skin, from the inside they are lined with a mucous membrane - conjunctiva. Inside the eyelid fills loose fiber, in the thickness of which there is a closing eyelid circular eye muscle. On the ciliated margin are cartilaginous plates, more pronounced on the mobile upper eyelid. In each of these plates there are about twenty five glands producing a modified fatty secret secreted through the ciliated ducts.
Each structure has its name in Latin. They form the names of diseases that can be manifested by the fact that the eye hurts under the upper eyelid, painfully pressing, moving eyes, blinking, or "sand in the eyes" is felt, constant lacrimation and other anxiety are observed. But the pain in one or both eyes can be secondary, i.e.its cause is not a disease of the eye itself or auxiliary structures, but a number of located organs.
How the eyes can ache
Almost all diseases are accompanied by pain in the affected organ. Not an exception are the eyes. If you have an eye under the upper eyelid, it's painful to press the eyelid and the eyeball, pay attention to the nature of the pain. It is quite a specific sign, and already on it an experienced ophthalmologist can suspect this or that disease.
Ophthalmic patients describe pain symptoms from minor discomfort to painful seizures or constantly present burning sensations, tingling, pulsation. There may be a pressing or bursting pain. A constant sensation, as if there is a speck in the eye or in the eyes, was sand. Duration, severity and localization of pain depends on the causes that caused it.
Causes of eye pain
The most common cause, but at the same time and most easily corrected - is banal overwork. It occurs with prolonged visual stress, associated with reading in the transport, as well as inadequate or too intense illumination. When working with small parts or a long fixation of the look( work at the computer, control of vehicles or mechanisms).
Other causes of eye pain may be directly related to the eyeball, with ancillary structures of the eye, or with diseases of other organs. Separately it is necessary to note foreign bodies and traumas of the eye.
A foreign body may be a fallen cilium that has fallen into contact with dirty hands with the eye or a part of a solid substance introduced by the air stream, flying chips or a fragment. The latter can be accompanied by a trauma to the conjunctiva and / or cornea. At the same time, quite a few do not know how to remove the mote correctly from the eye, and uncomplicated foreign body during traumatization injures the mucous membrane of the eyelid or the eye.
Injuries of the eyeball are extremely rarely isolated. Most often there is damage to the entire eye apparatus, including damage( bruises and fractures) of the eye socket with concussion and hematoma of the eyeball, fiber, eyelids. The injuries include burns, thermal and chemical.
Diseases of the eye, accompanied by pain
Directly in the eyeball, pain can be accompanied by diseases such as glaucoma. Especially its sharp, closed-angle or open-angle shape. In addition, the pain is caused by: astigmatism, erosion or ulcers of the cornea, hyphema( eyeball hemorrhage), keratitis( inflammation of the cornea), iritis( inflammation of the iris), scleritis and scleroeritis, uveitis( inflammation of the choroid).
Reasons associated with
helper structures The most common culprits in this group are inflammatory and structural diseases, as well as functional disorders. Inflammations include all blepharitis( inflammation of the eyelids) and conjunctivitis of any etiology. These are viral( herpes), bacterial( staphylococcal infection), fungal( candidiasis) and trachoma( chlamydia infection).
Inflammation of the lacrimal gland( dacryoadenitis) and lacrimal sac( dacryocystitis), the space between the sclera and conjunctiva( episcleritis), complicated chord lolium( barley on the eye), orbital cellulitis( inflammation of the ophthalmic cellulose) are also accompanied by painful sensations.
Structural diseases and functional disorders that occur with a pain symptom are represented by: xerophthalmia( dry eye syndrome), cholazion( eyelid gland cyst), lacrimal gland tumor, pseudotumor orbit.
Pain in the eyes as a manifestation of other diseases
The reason that the eye hurts under the upper eyelid, it is painful to press on it, there may be damage to the meninges( subdural hematoma) with CCT, or other brain diseases. Pain in the eye is possible with inflammation of the optic nerve. Migraines, viral colds( influenza) with high fever, hypertension also cause pain when moving the eyes and pressing on the eyeballs.
First aid and home treatment
First aid is provided in situations such as: foreign body entry and eye trauma( including burns).Knowing how to get the mote out of the eye correctly, it's very easy to help a person without harming him. Remove should be a soft material( cotton swab, corner paper napkin), gently pulling in the direction of the inner corner of the eye. In case of chemical burns, rinse with cool running water for several minutes without rubbing the eye.
Barley on the eye is "treated" by pulling the cilium over the site of inflammation. Uncomplicated conjunctivitis usually occurs within a few days of therapy with eye drops. More serious are situations where there is condensation under the upper eyelid, or the eye is hurting under the upper eyelid and there is a detachable, especially purulent character. Then medical care is required. If you have a pain symptom, regardless of whether your right eye or left eye is hurting, or both, you should urgently consult a specialist.