Plantography - what is it? Procedure, testimony

In curvature of the feet, doctors prescribe a planography. What it is? This is a diagnostic method that allows you to define flat feet and other deformations of the sole. This method is simple, informative, and at the same time absolutely harmless. Using it, you can not only diagnose bony curvatures, but also pick up suitable special footwear or orthopedic insoles for the patient, and also prescribe a set of exercise exercises.

Types of planktonography

Investigating a footprint is called a planography. What it is? The name of the method is derived from the Latin words planta( sole of the foot) and graphio( figure).Diagnosis is carried out by two methods: classical and computer. In the first case, the patient's feet are covered with coloring liquids, and he leaves a trail on the paper. Then the orthopedic doctor visually assesses the imprint. With computer plottography, the foot examination is carried out automatically with the aid of a special program.

For all types of this diagnosis, the patient does not need special training. It is enough only to clean the feet thoroughly before the examination.

Conventional planography

Conventional planography is currently less frequent than computer graphics. This type of study is considered obsolete. However, in some cases, orthopedic doctors prescribe diagnostics in a classical way, with the help of a visual evaluation of the footprint.

There are several methods of planotography:

1. The patient's feet are treated with paint. Then the patient stands on a blank sheet of paper. The doctor receives the imprint and examines it.
2. The footprint is obtained with the help of a planograph. This device is a frame with a stretched dyed fabric, over which stretched a film of polyethylene. The patient rises to the film layer, and a footprint is obtained. The paint from the canvas stains polyethylene. In this way, usually planogram is used for the prophylactic examination of children.

Computer diagnostics

Computer footprinting of the feet does not require the use of color solutions. The results are the most reliable.

The patient stands barefoot on the scanner. In this case, you should evenly distribute the weight to both extremities. If you want to get an image in different planes, then additional research is conducted in a sitting position. A special computer program analyzes and processes the information received. Then, on the basis of these data, the doctor issues an opinion.

Indication for the diagnosis

In medical practice, the following indications for the conduct of the plank:

1. The examination is prescribed during planned physical examinations of adults and children in order to detect deformities of the foot.
2. Diagnosis is shown to draftees, as well as athletes to assess the condition of the feet.
3. Plantography is carried out for examination of leg health with existing diseases of the musculoskeletal system and endocrine system( infantile cerebral paralysis, curvature of the spine, hormonal disorders, after fractures of the lower limbs, suspicion of flat feet).
4. If the patient suffers from a flatfoot, then the study is appointed to identify the type and extent of deformity, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. Is there a contraindication to

   Plantography has virtually no contraindications. The study is not intended for children under 3 years. This is due to the fact that all children up to the age of three have physiological flat feet, which does not require planking. What it is? On the feet of a small child has a special pad of fat tissue, which plays the role of shock absorber. This is considered the norm. To search for symptoms of flat feet and to conduct diagnostics in children under 3 years of age does not make sense. In all other cases, planktography is not contraindicated either by an adult or by a child.

   Plantography is always used as part of a comprehensive diagnosis. To identify the curvature of the foot, it is necessary to examine the orthopedic doctor and other methods of research.

   Explanation of the results of

   After the analysis, the patient receives a transcript of the results of the plottography. What it is? The patient is given a form with the following indicators of the foot condition:

   1. Forefoot factor. This number indicates the position of the front of the sole with respect to the rear. Normally, this figure is from 0.92 to 1.08.A sign of flatfoot is a deviation in both the smaller and the larger side.
   2. The angle of the Shoparov joint. This indicator indicates the presence of a curvature of the thumb( valgus deformity) or a violation of the position of the foot relative to the shin( varus deformation).If the pathology is absent, then the angle is from 170 to 180 degrees.
   3. Coefficient of longitudinal flatfoot. The rate of this indicator is from 0.51 to 1. The deviation indicates a longitudinal flattening of the sole.
   4. Coefficient of spreading. The norm is from 0.25 to 0.35.With a larger index, we can speak of transverse flatfoot.

   

   Additional parameters of the planography

   If plottography is carried out by computer method, then it is possible not only to diagnose platypodia, but also to reveal other features of the development of the musculoskeletal system. The results of the study also show the distribution of the load on different parts of the sole of the foot, the state of the spine and the support capacity of the legs.

   These additional indicators are necessary for the correct selection of shoes and insoles. In many orthopedic salons in the manufacture of products take into account the data of planography.

   

   Other research methods

   Plantography is not the only method for determining flatfoot. If a deformity of the foot is suspected, this method of diagnosis is used in a complex study of the patient.

   The method of Friedland is one of the diagnostic methods that complements the planography. What it is? The study consists in measuring the height and length of the foot and calculating the sub-metric index. To do this, multiply the height indicator by 100 and divide by the length indicator. Normally, the number obtained can be from 29 to 31.

   If you suspect a flatfoot, you must always take an X-ray. However, this method is associated with irradiation, it can not be used as often as planography. Radiography is an informative way of diagnosis. With its help, you can identify not only flat feet, valgus and varus deformities, but also other bone pathologies, for example, arthrosis. The picture must be taken in a standing position to create a physical load on the soles of the lower limbs.

   In more rare cases, MRI and CT stop are used. This method allows you to identify the pathology of muscles and ligaments.

   It should be remembered that flat feet is not a harmless disease. Often, the curvature of the feet lead to deformation of the fingers and the appearance of the calcaneal spur. Such pathologies create great difficulties in walking and in advanced cases are treated promptly. Therefore, with the appearance of the first signs of flat feet( discomfort in the soles, the appearance of corns and fatigue in the legs), it is necessary to undergo diagnostics in the orthopedist, including using planography. This will help to identify the disease in time. In the early stages of flatfoot can easily be cured with the help of special exercises LFK.It will also help wearing special shoes and insoles, which must be selected according to the results of the planotographic survey.