Symptom of Moses: causes of development and treatment

Few people do not know that a person's blood flows through the veins and arteries. Both are dispersed throughout the body, one at the surface of the skin, others deep below it. It is not easy to detect problems with deep vessels, since the external signs of the disease are poorly manifested. To help doctors come multiple symptoms - Homans and Moses, Lovenberg and Louvel, Opitsa and Ramines. Each of them is a signal that something is wrong with the blood vessels. To clarify the diagnosis, there is a complex, but accurate diagnosis, but the reason for going to the doctor, as a rule, are the very first, the initial symptoms. What are they, how are they manifested and how serious? Let's understand.

Than the thrombi

are dangerous Before we tell what is a symptom of Moses and other symptoms, we will clarify the situation with blood clots. In fact, these are blood clots that appear in the blood vessels due to disorders in the hemostasis system. They can move along the vessel or attach to its wall. At first, thrombi are usually small, but they are able to grow, because thrombotic masses eventually build on them.

There comes such a time when a grown blood clot completely clogs the vessel, which without immediate action can lead to death. But overlapping of the vessel by 70-75% is fraught with big troubles, namely, a decrease in the flow of oxygen to the tissues to critical levels and the accumulation of metabolic products, which leads to intoxication. When a living person has blood clots in his blood vessels, he is diagnosed with a thrombosis. This disease is known to 1/5 of the world's population, and in men it is much more common than in women. Thrombosis can occur in any veins and arteries - on the hands, in the internal organs, in the brain, but more often observed on the lower limbs. If you do not pay due attention to the ailment, it gives complications that take thousands of lives each year.

Causes of the appearance of thrombi in the veins of the lower extremities

Why do some people have clots formed, but others do not? There are many risk factors here, and they are all divided into three groups - congenital, acquired and mixed. The symptom of Moses is equally relevant in any risk group. Congenital factors of the onset of the disease are in one or another violation of hemostasis and in mutations at the genetic level. Among the acquired can be called such:

- advanced age;

- pregnancy;

- leg injuries( eg, fractures);

- obesity;

- operations on the legs;

- use of some contraceptives;

- hypodynamia;

- hormonal disorders;

- benign blood tumor( polycythemia);

- malignant tumor of the pancreas;

- some medicines;

- application of gypsum;

- presence of a catheter in the central vein;

- infection.

Thrombophlebitis

The symptom of Moses is a sign not only of thrombosis, but also of thrombophlebitis - an ailment that combines thrombus formation and venous inflammation. The reasons for its occurrence are:

- thrombophilia( tendency to form blood clots);

- a number of infectious diseases;

- injuries of veins;

- violation of blood flow;

- allergy;

- change in blood composition;

- overweight;

- hypertension.

Thrombophlebitis can occur acutely and chronically. The greatest danger it causes, when a fragment of a thrombus breaks away, with a current of blood enters the heart or pulmonary artery. The outcome depends on the size of the fragment and on the speed of taking action.

Signs of occlusion of veins

It is suspect that in the deep veins of the legs thrombosis has begun, it helps not only the symptom of Moses. The disease has such signs:

- swollen limbs;

- feelings of discomfort, raspiraniya, pain in the limbs;

- high temperature( it does not always appear).

If blood clots clog vessels close to the skin surface, the onset of the problem is unmistakably determined visually by swollen veins, a characteristic mesh on the problem site, a change in its texture and color. If the blood clots clog deep vessels, the external signs are not so distinct, plus they can indicate a number of other diseases, for example, swelling of the limbs can occur with heart failure, pain is felt in trauma. Therefore, doctors, performing clinical diagnostics, take into account the specific signs of deep vein thrombosis of the legs in the calf and calf area.

If thrombosis occurs in the veins of the upper third of the thigh, the patient may feel pain in the lower back, sacrum, in the inguinal zone. One of the signs of a pathology may be a rise in temperature. In this case, the symptom of Mozes and other clinical symptoms, considered in this article, are absent. Sometimes the formation of thrombi in the veins of the thigh does not give symptoms at all, and the disease becomes too late when pulmonary thromboembolism has already occurred.

Homens and Moses symptom

Diagnosis by Homans is considered the most characteristic and consists in the following. The patient lies on the couch on his back. The head is at the same level with the body( without a pillow).The patient's legs should be slightly bent at the knees. The doctor flexes the foot of his foot in the ankle from the back. In this case, if there is a thrombosis in the veins of the legs to the knee, the patient has a sharp pain in the muscles of the calves.

The symptom of Moses is another method of clinical diagnosis of thrombosis and deep vein thrombophlebitis. It consists in the following. The doctor squeezes the patient's shin in front and behind, and afterwards with two sides. If in the first case there is a sharp pain, and in the second it is absent, there is a high probability of a thrombus in the veins.

Other symptoms of clinical diagnosis

For greater confidence in the correctness of setting a preliminary diagnosis, doctors use a check not only on the symptom of Moses. The photo shows the preparatory process before the test on Lovenberg. The doctor first palpates the problem area of ​​the limb in the patient, then in the central part of the leg( middle third) puts on the cuff of the sphygmomanometer and pumps the air to a pressure of approximately 150 mm Hg. Pain in the caviar indicates the presence of a thrombus.

You can, for certainty, put a cuff on the thigh( lower third), and not on the shin and also inject air into it. If there is pain in the calf, it will be a symptom of the Opitz-Raminetz.

It happens that in patients the pain in calves appears when coughing or even when sneezing. This is also a sign of thrombosis, called the symptom of Louvel, but of all it is the least characteristic.

Accurate diagnosis of

If the patient has a suspicion of deep vein thrombosis or thrombophlebitis, but the symptoms of Homans and Moses are negative, the patient is recommended to undergo additional diagnostics. Her methods:

- ultrasound( doplerography, sonoelastography);

- MRI;

- blood tests( hemostasis tests).

If the patient has swelling and tenderness of the lower limb, but there are no above mentioned symptoms, it may be a signal of another disease, for example, the consequences of trauma, heart failure, arthrosoarthritis and others. Accurate diagnosis is also performed to find out the true cause of leg problems.

Treatment of

It is very important to detect deep vein thrombosis in the early stages of the disease, which is certainly helped by the simplest methods of clinical diagnosis, such as the Homans symptom and the Moses symptom. Treatment is prescribed by the doctor, guided by clinical diagnosis, as well as the results of accurate diagnosis. If the process is not running, the therapy can be limited to conservative methods:

- application of ointments( "Hepanolovaya", "Heparinovaya", "Naiz" or "Indovazin") to the problem site, which relieve soreness, relieve inflammation, prevent the formation of blood clots;

- ingestion of anticoagulants, thrombus dissolving and vein cleansing;

- physiotherapeutic procedures( UHF and magnetotherapy for swelling, electrophoresis with medications for the rapid dissolution of thrombi);

- hirudotherapy( leeches inject a substance in the blood preventing its folding and, thus, improve blood flow);

- elastic compression( wearing special stockings and tights).

An indispensable condition of treatment is bed rest.

According to the indications, micro-operations( vein incision under local anesthesia) on the lower extremities to remove blood clots are performed.

If a threat of thromboembolism( blockage) of the pulmonary artery is detected, the patient is promptly undergoing surgery.

Prevention

A simple truth - any disease is easier to prevent than to get rid of it. In order to avoid the acquired risk factors for thrombosis and not to appear a symptom of Moses, Homans and others, you need to strengthen your veins. The methods are many and effective only in the complex. These are:

- diet;

- hardening( contrasting baths, walking barefoot, swimming);

- reasonable physical load;

- foot hygiene;

- wearing compression stockings( especially for air travel);

- avoiding hypothermia of feet and their hyper-fatigue;

- means of traditional medicine, which help to remove inflammation and strengthen the walls of blood vessels.