In the throat of the cyst: causes, symptoms, treatment

The cyst is a rounded cavity with walls filled with liquid. It can be, both congenital and acquired. The cyst is a benign formation, the location of which can be both a larynx and a pharynx. According to medical statistics, cysts in the throat are diagnosed ten times more often than cancers.

Localization of cystic formations

Most often, the cyst is round or sack-shaped. Inside and outside the walls are absolutely smooth, the color of the formation varies from yellow to pink. The cyst can be small in size, only a few millimeters, but there are times when it occupies a large area and is capable of leading to the death of a person. Most often, cystic education is located: in the tonsils, at the base of the tongue, on the palatal arch, on the soft palate.

Quite a large percentage of cysts are located in the larynx, or more precisely, the area of ​​their defeat is the epiglottis, which is immediately behind the base of the tongue. A sound formation can affect both the vocal cords and the walls of the larynx. Laryngeal neoplasm is rarely diagnosed in children, men are the most susceptible to this disease. In this case, in the throat of the cyst is quite a common phenomenon, both in adults and in children.

Classification of cysts

The picture shows a throat. The photo shows how the cyst of the vocal cords looks.

There are several types of cystic formations. These include:

• Retention - the most common types of cysts. Occur in the case of clogging the glands of the larynx, when the fluid strongly presses on the ducts of the gland, and, in the end, expands them. It consists of a small number of layers of connective tissue, so the walls are very thin, inside is a watery liquid.
• Dermoid - the cyst walls are very dense and thick, the contents inside have a viscous mushy consistency. They are formed after regeneration from benign formations of another species.
• Laryngocele is an aerial formation localized in the larynx.

Reasons for the formation of

The most commonly encountered are retention cysts, which are formed by the microscopic debris from the outside of the opening of the gland duct, or by its own secretion.

The duct of the gland can be closed by scar formation or other tumor, after which it forms in the throat of the cyst. At the moment, the exact causes of formations are not yet fully known, but there are risk factors:

• Smoking. Causes severe irritation of the mucous larynx and throat. It is a potential cause of benign tumors.
• Alcohol. Like cigarette smoke, it is the strongest irritant of the throat. People who abuse alcohol, are much more likely to form such tumors.
• Work on harmful production. Breathing the smallest particles of harmful substances, for example, coal or asbestos, the risk of developing a tumor increases several times.
• Poor oral hygiene or lack of it.
• The sex accessory. In the throat, the cyst is more common in men.
• Hereditary predisposition.

Salivary gland cyst

In addition to the throat cysts, there are also formations in the salivary gland. The disease is quite common. The cause of the appearance can serve as a trauma to the gland duct, leading to atresia( natural or acquired obstruction of canals and openings in the body).Atresia disrupts the natural movement of the fluid and leads to its accumulation. As a result, it collects in one place and presses on the walls of the duct, expanding the size of the cyst cavity.

The salivary gland cyst develops in such areas as the sublingual, parotid, cheeks, the inner side of the lips, the sky, the tongue.

Treatment of such formations is carried out only promptly. The salivary gland cyst is neatly separated from the mucous gland and is sewn layer by layer. If the formation has penetrated deeply and affected, for example, the hyoid gland, then it too is removed.

In the throat of the cyst: symptoms

Severe symptomatology depends on the size and location of the cyst. If there is a small education, the patient can find out about its presence only after a visit to the dentist or ENT doctor.

If the cyst is located in the throat, the symptoms appear when the formation begins to grow and press on adjacent tissues, while blocking the airways.

Depending on the location of the formation, the symptoms are manifested in different ways:

• Cyst in the epiglottis region - there is a persistent feeling of foreign object in the throat, causing discomfort when swallowing.
• Education in the field of the glottis - the voice becomes hoarse, but at the initial stage of the ailment there are no pain sensations. With the development of the tumor there is pain, a sensation that the throat is sore, the feeling that there is a foreign body in the larynx that irritates the cough. Possible loss of voice.
• Cyst of the vocal cords - manifested by the hoarseness of the voice.
• Education in the field of guttural ventricles - the voice becomes weaker, hoarseness appears.

Below we see a sore throat. The photo clearly shows how the cyst of the larynx looks.

Cystic formations are considered quite safe for humans, but for all this, some risks persist - they can become inflamed.

To the typical manifestations are added and general symptoms that cause a fever, weakness, a sensation that throats the throat.

Danger of cystic formations

Reaching a large size in the throat, the cyst can partially or completely block the airways, which is manifested by lack of air, and then suffocating.

Small formations do not bother for a lifetime, therefore, they do not always resort to surgical intervention to remove them. But there is a rather high risk that a benign education will degenerate into a malignant one. Therefore, the diagnosis requires constant monitoring by a specialist. In the event that a cyst of even a small size brings discomfort or any problems, then its removal is carried out urgently.

Diagnosis of throat cyst

If the patient did not have any clinical manifestations, then, as a rule, he learns about the presence of the disease quite by accident. In this case, even if a small cyst is found, part of it should be sent to a biopsy, but, often, a histological examination is performed after removal. When there are painful sensations in the throat or discomfort during swallowing, an otolaryngologist should be consulted for the diagnosis. The doctor can detect the presence of a cyst with the help of fibrolaringoscopy or pharyngoscopy.

In order to exclude malignant processes and determine the extent of cystic lesions, the patient may additionally be assigned to studies using MRI, CT, microlaringoscopy, radiography, otoscopy, and rhinoscopy.

Removing a small size

When a small cyst needs to be removed, it is done in several ways:

• The doctor punctures the cystic formation, with further removal of its contents. The method is very simple in execution, but has one big drawback - the risk of repeated development of the tumor.
• Under local anesthesia, "bite off" the cyst, its wall and all the contents.
• Operative intervention under general anesthesia.

Regardless of the way the cyst is removed, its contents are sent for histological examination to exclude the presence of cancer cells.

Treatment of cysts

Small formations are most often not removed, and are regularly observed to notice its growth or changes in time. Cysts of large size are amenable only to surgical treatment.

In the presence of complications in the form of general malaise and the presence of temperature, the patient is prescribed antibiotics and antipyretics.

Cysts usually do not lend themselves to conservative treatment, but the patient can be prescribed topical preparations to remove discomfort and prevent its development. The following procedures can be prescribed:

• Rinse throat with herbal tinctures( chamomile, sage).
• Rinse with a solution of furacilin.
• Throat irrigation "Chlorophylliptom", "Tonzinalom".
• Lubrication of the throat area "Lugol".
• Cyst irrigation by glucocorticosteroids.

Treatment with folk remedies can not be effective. Therefore, do not hope that any means of quackery will get rid of the problem. As a rule, no conservative treatment can lead to resorption of the cyst. In this case, the lack of professional control and treatment can lead to serious complications.

The danger of rebirth from benign to malignant is very high. That is why it is necessary to undergo a regular examination if there is a small cyst in order to, in case of it, remove it in time.