What is a bruise and how to get rid of it quickly?

What is a bruise? Bruising or bruising is a subcutaneous extravasation of blood that occurs most often after mechanical injuries, after a stroke. Formed by rupture of small blood capillaries. Do not cause serious health effects, are rather a cosmetic defect. They disappear after a few days after the injury.

What is a bruise?

Bruises are skin changes that occur after an injury. As a result of a bruise, spots appear on the skin of a dark blue color. They occur, most often, after a mechanical trauma, for example, impact, stretching or falling from a height. As a rule, they have a diameter of 1 cm or more.

Bruises - what are the causes?

Causes of bruising - damage to small capillaries, located in the skin and subcutaneous tissue as a result of trauma. The blood from these vessels penetrates into the surrounding tissues. The color of the bruise depends on the intensity of the trauma and the amount of blood that emerged from the capillaries. The more intense the injury, the darker the color of the change on the skin. The color range of bruises is very diverse - from weak bruises of dark blue, violet to black spots. Later they acquire shades of yellow and green. This is due to the decomposition of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

The size of the bruise depends on the surface of the injury. Not necessarily bruise should be associated with the place of injury. If a large amount of blood flows out of the vascular capillaries, it can move under the skin and spread over a large area.

Bruises on the skin do not appear immediately, but only 1-2 days after the injury. This is due to the process at which they occur. Cyanotic coloration is due to the main component of red blood cells, that is hemoglobin, which contains an iron atom. Over time, bruises are susceptible to resorption by the body. After what time do they disappear? The time of resorption of the bruise depends on its size. As a rule, it varies from 7 to 14 days.

When to go to the doctor?

Bleeding by itself is not something formidable. They do not bear any consequences, except for the cosmetic defect that occurs at the moment of disappearance of the bruise. Their appearance does not require a doctor's visit. However, there are some provisions that should prompt you to visit a doctor. This is often a case of bruises that you can not connect with a specific injury.

The appearance of them with minor bruises, which, as a rule, should not cause bruising, can be a reason for increased caution. These conditions require diagnostic procedures to avoid reduced blood clotting and hemorrhagic disorder. For this purpose, the blood test and the clotting test are most often performed.

Other similar changes on the skin should be distinguished from bruises and bruises. Bruising on the limbs have a reticular circle. And regular changes on it, scattered over a large area, can indicate acne. In this condition, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

How to treat hematomas?

The first act of treating bruises is to prevent their formation. Unfortunately, trauma, as a rule, can not be predicted. However, you can act after its receipt, reducing or completely preventing the formation of a hematoma.

How to clean a bruise at home? First, you need to cool the place of injury. This reduces the flow of blood to the site and releases its flow. Light pressure also works in this way. People who are often injured( for example, doing sports) can buy drugs with a cooling effect with bruises in the form of an ointment or a spray. They can be used quickly at the injury site. They are ideal for treating hematomas, sprains, bruises.

In addition to preventing bruising, they reduce swelling and act as an anesthetic. If you do not have any gel or cooling ointment with bruises, you can use special gel dressings, which are cooled in the refrigerator before use. A good way from bruises are, for example, wraps made quickly with any chilled liquid or frozen object. It is necessary to periodically remove the compress so as not to cause too much hypothermia of the tissues.

In addition to compress, it is necessary to apply pressure on the site of the injury in order to reduce its blood supply. You can impose an elastic bandage on the bruise and leave for the first hour after the injury. Reduction of blood supply is also facilitated by the position of the limb higher than other parts of the body( raise arms, legs).Of course, do not do intensive movements, as this increases the flow of blood in the damaged area and the growth of the bruise.

At the stage of resorption of bruises, the heating of the limb and the acceleration of blood supply to the damaged site are more beneficial. This increases the flow of leukocyte cells and accelerates the outflow of hemoglobin degradation products.

Ointments from hematomas

Bruising, as a rule, disappear by themselves without additional intervention. Nevertheless, it is possible to speed up the process of their resorption by applying ointments and compresses to the skin. One of the most effective ways is heparin ointment. It accelerates the decomposition of the hematoma. For a long time with any bruises, bruises, ointment with calendula is also used. These medicines are sold in pharmacies. They accelerate the process of resorption of bruising and healing of blood vessels. They are used several times a day on the surface of the site of the injury.

Dark circles under the eyes

Not always bruises are associated with trauma. Also, dark circles are widely known under the eyes after a sleepless night or with prolonged body fatigue. What is a bruise under the eye and why does it occur? It appears as a result of the weakening of the strength of the collagen fibers that form the vessels and surrounding the connective tissue in the area of ​​the skin of the eyes. Dark circles of the eyelids often with concomitant edema can appear as a symptom of many diseases or represent a feature due to a genetic predisposition.

Basically this symptom is not a change, dangerous for health or life, it's just a cosmetic defect. However, it is worth paying attention to it, because you can assume deterioration of the body or the appearance of the disease as a whole. Especially if the bags under the eyes appeared for the first time in their life, and at the same time edema intensifies intensively.

This is an alarm and it should be noted that in addition to taking independent actions to eliminate bruises under the eyes, you should contact a specialist.

Bruising under the eyes as a symptom of the disease?

What is a bruise under the eye and under what diseases does it appear? Diseases that can be manifested by such "shadows" include dermatomyositis( a rheumatic disease).

A bruise is a consequence of a trauma associated with tissue, skin or bone damage( a fracture of the bones of the nose).A photo of these bruises is presented below.

In addition to these conditions, dark circles under the eyes can accompany many pathologies, including:

• heart failure;
• hypertension;
• cirrhosis;
• thyroid gland hypofunction;
• diabetes;
• deficiency of vitamins;
• parasitic infections.

Ways to combat dark circles

How to get rid of bruises under the eyes? First of all, you should think about what causes this condition. If the symptom appears after a long day or a sleepless night, the best way to treat is rest and a healthy sleep. You can also use ointments that contain collagen and nourish the skin.

If these actions prove ineffective in eliminating bruises under the eyes, cooling masks or compresses from slices of cucumber or chilled tea bags and powder of water sponges can be useful.

Cream against dark circles under the eyes

A wide range of ointments, gels and creams are presented in pharmacies and stores that eliminate swelling, lighten the skin and help cure dark circles under the eyes. Very well proven drugs that contain in their composition an extract of arnica and cornflower.

If the methods used for bruising under the eyes at home are not enough, carefully considering the risk factors for the development of systemic diseases that cause such symptoms, and after making sure of good health, you can contact the beautician. The specialist will give recommendations on how to eliminate the cosmetic defect with the help of professional products and procedures. But for a start, it's still worth consulting a therapist.