First aid in emergency conditions. First aid
Everyone can get into a situation when medical help is urgently needed. Cases are different, as is the severity of the situation. It is the first aid in emergency conditions that can save human life. It was to this topic that we devoted our article. Of course, there can be a large number of such cases, we will consider those that are most often found in medical practice.
Epileptic seizure of
The most common type of seizure is observed in patients with epilepsy. He is distinguished by loss of consciousness, convulsive movements of limbs, foam from his mouth. In patients, there are observed pre-adrenal symptoms, turning attention in time to which, you can greatly help yourself. These include a sense of fear, irritation, heart palpitations, sweating.
First aid for emergency conditions, such as epileptic seizures, is as follows. The patient should be put on his side, prevent the tongue from falling with a spoon or a handy material, if vomiting begins with foam, make sure that there is no asphyxia. If convulsions are observed, keep limbs.
Arriving at the place of the doctors inject intravenously magnesium sulfate with glucose, intramuscularly - "Aminazine", then immediately hospitalized patient.
Syncope
This condition occurs when there is insufficient blood supply to the brain of the human head, in medicine is referred to as hypoxia.
The reasons can be a mass, from the psychological reaction of the body to a sharp pain shock. First aid in emergency conditions of fainting is quite simple. A person without consciousness must be carried to the open space, tilt the head down and keep in that position. And if possible, apply cotton wool soaked with ammonia to the respiratory tract.
After completing these activities a person comes to his senses. Advise after fainting silence and peace, as well as avoid stressful situations. As a rule, medical workers who come to the call do not hospitalize such patients. If a person regains consciousness and his condition stabilizes, then he is prescribed a bed rest and supervision of his well-being.
Bleeding
These are special emergency conditions in which there is a significant loss of blood, which in some cases can lead to death.
Before the first aid is provided for emergency conditions with bleeding, it is important to understand its appearance. There are venous and arterial blood loss. If you are not sure of the correctness of your assumption, it is better to call an ambulance and wait.
It's important to remember your own safety, you can get diseases through the blood. A person from whom you observe a loss of blood can be infected with HIV, hepatitis and other dangerous diseases. Therefore, before helping, protect yourself with gloves.
A taut bandage or tourniquet is applied to the bleeding sites. If the limb is damaged, then it is, if possible, leveled.
If internal bleeding is observed, first aid in emergency conditions is to apply cold to this place. It will not be superfluous to use anesthetic drugs to prevent a person from losing consciousness and a shock.
Bleeding occurs not only in adults, emergency conditions in pediatrics are observed frequently. First aid for children in such conditions should be aimed at preventing shock and asphyxia. This is associated with a low pain threshold, so if short-term stops of breathing are observed, the following is done. On the neck, below the Adam's apple, a puncture is made with a metal tube or improvised things. Immediately, an ambulance is called.
Comatose states
Coma is a complete loss of consciousness by a person that is characterized by a lack of response to external stimuli.
The causes of coma are significantly different. It can be: severe alcohol poisoning, drug overdose, epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, injuries and bruises of the brain and also signs of infectious diseases.
Coma are severe emergency conditions, medical care for which should be qualified. Proceeding from the fact that the causes can not be visually determined, the patient must be urgently hospitalized. Already in the hospital the doctor will appoint a full examination of the patient. This is especially important if there is no information about the diseases and possible reasons for falling into a coma.
There is an increased risk of cerebral edema and memory loss, so until the reasons are clarified, appropriate measures are taken. Such urgent conditions in pediatrics are less common. As a rule, in cases of diabetes and epilepsy. This simplifies the task of the doctor, parents will provide a medical card for the child, and the treatment will be started immediately.
Current damage
The degree of electric shock depends on many factors, this is the electrical discharge that struck a person, and the duration of contact with the hearth.
The very first thing you need to do if you witness a person's electric shock, remove the hearth. It often happens that a person can not let go of an electric wire, for this use a wooden stick.
Before the ambulance arrives and first aid is given in case of emergency conditions, it is necessary to assess a person's condition. Check pulse, breath, examine affected areas, check consciousness. If necessary, do artificial respiration, indirect heart massage, and treat affected areas.
Poisoning
Occurs when exposed to the body of toxic substances, they can be liquid, gaseous and dry. When poisoning is observed strong vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea. Assisting in urgent conditions of intoxication should be aimed at the rapid removal of toxic substances from the body, stopping their action and restoring the work of the digestive and respiratory organs.
To do this, the stomach and intestines are washed. And after - complex therapy of general regenerative nature. Remember that timely access to medical care and first aid can save a person's life.