Enterocolitis in the child: symptoms, possible causes and characteristics of treatment

One of the most dangerous diseases is enterocolitis in a child. As a rule, his symptoms and treatment is established by a pediatrician or gastroenterologist. In untimely treatment, the disease is dangerously lethal. When you contact a specialist in time you can achieve full recovery of your child.

Description of the disease

Enterocolitis in a child is characterized by the development of inflammation, as well as edema of the intestinal mucosa. At the same time, its normal functioning is disrupted. This disease is the most common among pathologies of the inflammatory nature of the digestive tract. Enterocolitis of the intestine in children is more complex than in adults. In the absence of treatment there may be complications that are dangerous to health: perforation of the intestine, peritonitis. The most severe course of enterocolitis in children under one year. To eliminate the symptoms that give the child unpleasant sensations, it is necessary to diagnose the disease and prescribe medication.

Causes of the disease and risk factors

Typically, the factors are divided into an infectious and non-infectious type. The first include viruses, helminths, protozoa microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria. The second type - an allergic reaction, taking antibiotics, concomitant stomach diseases and eating disorders.

In addition, the development of the disease can be related to poor ecology, fetal infection in utero, diathesis.

How does the inflammation of the intestines manifest in newborns?

The severe course of enterocolitis in a child is due to the fact that at this moment the digestive organs are not yet adapted to other conditions of life, often there are failures in the work of the digestive tract.

The causative agent of this disease in newborns is usually staphylococcus aureus. It enters the body of the child, if not observe the rules of hygiene. Another cause can be fetal infection of the fetus.

How the disease will proceed depends on the causative agent of the infection and the factors that aggravate the inflammation. Enterocolitis in premature infants is very unfavorable. Treatment is very complicated and long.

Enterocolitis of the intestine: symptoms in children

These characteristics of the disease depend on the course and species. Often enterocolitis in a child is similar to the usual colic, that is, manifests itself cramping pain in the tummy. For this reason, most moms and dads are waiting when everything passes by itself. But in the case when there are other signs along with colic, you need an immediate reference to a specialist. It is he who helps to exclude or confirm the diagnosis.

The main symptoms of enterocolitis in children are:

• cutting or cramping pain in the tummy;
• frequent loose stool up to 9 times for 12 hours, which can alternate and constipation;
• stool with an admixture of greens or blood;
• increase in body temperature to 39 degrees;
• vomiting, nausea, or regurgitation;
• weakness and lethargy of the child;
• joint pain;
• headache;Heartburn or flatulence
• .

These signs indicate the development of inflammation in the intestine. You should consult a specialist or call for emergency medical attention. When chronic form of the disease symptoms are the same as in acute enterocolitis in children. It must be remembered that the timely administration of therapy will help the child recover faster and return to the normal life pace.

What are the complications of the disease?

Necrotic enterocolitis in children is one of the consequences of this disease in untimely treatment. It is characterized by the acquisition of ulcerative form, which provokes the development of necrotic tissue. Usually in this case, surgical intervention is used. Patients with this diagnosis are babies whose weight at birth was less than two kilograms. Other causes include severe hypoxia of the child and congenital malformations. To such an inflammation leads ischemia of the intestine. This condition is characterized by impaired circulation in the intestinal wall.

This stage of development includes such stages of development as prodromal( normal enterocolitis), clinical manifestations of NEC( regurgitation of milk with bile impurity, weight loss, dysbacteriosis), preperforation( the child's condition deteriorates sharply, dehydration, blood from the rectum), perforatedperitonitis( pain shock, body temperature decline).At the last stage: the earlier the operation is performed, the more chances are that the baby will live.

Treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis is carried out in the same way as with usual inflammation of the intestine, both chronic and acute. A prerequisite is the intake of antibiotics, vitamins and other medications, compliance with the diet.

Treatment of enterocolitis in children

Where the child will be when diagnosing this disease: in a hospital or at home, depends on the condition of the baby and the reasons. When food poisoning requires immediate washing of the stomach. Treatment of enterocolitis is complex. Prescribed medication, strict diet and bed rest. People's means can also be used. But you need a mandatory consultation with a specialist. When diagnosing enterocolitis in children, the symptoms of which are very dangerous, one can not be treated independently. This can adversely affect the health of the child and lead to disastrous consequences.

Medications for inflammation of the intestine

Drugs that must be taken with the disease, appoint a specialist. To eliminate the cause, antibiotics or antiviral drugs are used. They are needed only if the inflammation of the intestine has an infected nature. To normalize the functions of the stomach should be taken enterosorbents and enzymes, as well as probiotics.

And the elimination of enterocolitis symptoms, and treatment in children is carried out by the appointment of antipyretic and antiemetic drugs. In case of diarrhea, the child should be given an antidiarrheal medicine. In order to cramping abdominal pain stopped, prescribe antispasmodics. They already after a certain short time remove unpleasant sensations.

If dehydration has occurred, immediately it is necessary to perform infusion therapy.

Treatment with folk remedies

They are used, as a rule, as additional elements for general therapy. Medicinal plants such as chamomile and mint, fennel seeds and calendula are used. Broths are made from them. For cooking, one large spoon of one of the plants is needed, then it is poured into one cup of steep boiling water and allowed to stand for half an hour. Take it immediately before meals in small portions.

From diarrhea, the infusion of herbs of fennel, chamomile, root of ayr and valerian root helps. They are taken in the necessary proportions and poured a cup of boiled water. After put on fire and boil for 20 minutes. Infuse this mixture for about 3.5 hours. Take it three times a day.

The anti-inflammatory effect is inherent in carrot juice. In the absence of individual intolerance to the product, children take one tablespoon twice a day.

The same property is possessed by sea buckthorn oil. It should be drunk one teaspoon three times a day for two weeks. It is prescribed for chronic enterocolitis. With diarrhea, this remedy can not be used.

Propolis tincture improves the functioning of the immune system and the regeneration of the damaged intestinal mucosa. You need to take it, previously dissolved in a small amount of water. Milk in this case is not suitable. The amount of drops of propolis tincture should be taken according to the age of the patient. The course lasts two weeks.

What kind of diet should be observed with enteritis?

In parallel with taking medications, the main requirement for enterocolitis in a child is compliance with certain rules in nutrition. All this is called a diet. If you do not comply with it, take only medicines, it is impossible to recover. In the future, there will be complications. So, the diet for this disease includes the use of products such as:

• low-fat meat, fish( preferably in the form of puree);
• dishes, steamed;
• soups on lean broth with rice;
• porridges cooked on the water, you can eat buckwheat, rice and oatmeal;
• steamed omelettes;
• jelly, green tea or compote, you can also drink a child with a rose hip decoction.

When acute enterocolitis in children is recommended in the first five hours not to give him no water or tea. All this is done to unload the intestines.

For newborn babies, the amount of breast milk consumed should be reduced. Mom at this time also must comply with a special diet.

Breastfeeding on artificial nutrition will require a therapeutic mixture. At first, the volume of its consumption is small with enterocolitis in children. Symptoms of this disease should gradually disappear. But this does not mean a quick cure for the disease.

It is strictly forbidden to eat dishes in fried, salty and pungent form.

Prevention of the disease

Compliance with certain rules does not guarantee that your child will not get sick, but will reduce risks. Prevention should be applied not only to children, but also to mothers. Everyone, without exception, should be hygienic. Unsanitary conditions attract harmful microorganisms, which are carriers of most infectious diseases. Therefore, a day to spend a few minutes putting things in order in the house and keeping your hands clean, of course, is worth it.

In addition, you should eat properly. Observance of the regime of the day is an integral part of a healthy human body.

Before you eat anything, the product needs to be properly processed. Namely, the fruit should be thoroughly washed under running water, and the meat subjected to thorough heat treatment. Then you can not doubt that the infection will bypass you.

Do not delay the disease of the gastrointestinal tract for later. They should be treated in a timely manner. Failure to comply with the prescription of a doctor can lead to complications of the functioning of the stomach. Take care of your health yourself.

Prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases is also one of the recommendations in order to warn the child of inflammation of the intestine.

What do parents need to know about enteritis?

Mums and dads should understand that enterocolitis in a child is not the simplest disease of the intestine. This is a very serious infectious disease, which is accompanied by inflammation of the intestine. Immediately after the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease, you need to contact a specialist. In 20% of cases when parents do not seek help, severe complications are observed in children, which can be fatal. Do not neglect the health of your child and refer to "maybe will pass."Since it is timely access to a specialist will increase the chances of a complete recovery of the baby.