Morphology of spermogram: disorders and improvement of indices

The morphology of the spermogram is an analysis that determines the exact and numerical values ​​of the sperm content in the ejaculate, which have a natural structure and are capable of fertility( fertilization).

What are these tests for

done? As a result of the spermogram, you can find out about the health status of a man, to detect prostatitis and infectious diseases. If the conception has been planned for a long time, but there are no results yet, the reasons will help to know the research of the ejaculate on the number of spermatozoa. If there is infertility, the results of spermogram will help the specialist to prescribe effective therapy. Indication for the survey:

• childlessness of the couple;sperm delivery for analysis is used to confirm or eliminate infertility in spouses due to lack of fertilization in men;
• vasectomy( dressing of the vas deferens) - after such an operation, its effectiveness is monitored;in the ejaculate must be absent spermatozoa;
• sperm donation is allowed only based on the results of this test;
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• cryopreservation of ejaculate( low-temperature preservation).

How to donate sperm for analysis

At the direction of the World Health Organization, the process of sperm delivery should be carried out with the help of masturbation, and not by stopping sexual intercourse, or by another method. The test( spermogram) is given in a specially designated room for this in the laboratory. The door in the room is covered from the inside by the patient himself. To surrender the ejaculate was made without difficulties, in the office you can use erotic magazines. There are some requirements:

• it is necessary to prepare for the analysis 3-4 days;
• need to reduce physical activity 7-14 days before the study of the ejaculate;
• abstain from sexual contact 3-7 days before sperm delivery;
• a week not to take hot baths, and also not to go to the sauna;
• do not consume alcohol, drugs or smoke;
• 2-3 weeks before the survey stop taking medication, dietary supplements, if necessary, consult a doctor who has prescribed a spermogram.

Secondary sperm test requires following the same rules. To properly evaluate the results, you need to take the material repeatedly. If, as a result of the first analysis, the specialist said that it is unsuccessful, then do not be upset. The morphology of a spermogram made repeatedly can differ in very different characteristics. Their change can affect the interpretation of the transcript of the study.

Method of receiving material

All the male ejaculate is transmitted for examination. There are laboratories that accept a condom that holds a male seed for analysis. From the beginning of the receipt of the material to the time of its testing should not take more than 3 hours, otherwise the long-awaited result will be unreliable. The sample itself should ideally be obtained directly in the laboratory. The seed is immediately sent for examination of the spermogram.

Which parameters are normal

How is the ejaculate analyzed? The laboratory performs micro- and macroscopic examination of sperm, as well as special tests that give the opportunity to talk about the presence of inflammatory processes of the male sexual system or the causes of infertility. What are the macroscopic indicators of ejaculate?

1. The correct spermogram is when the normal volume of the material is 2 to 5 ml, if less, then there may be oligospermia. The cause of a reduced amount may be an inflammatory malaise of the prostate, because 2/3 of the volume of the ejaculate in this case is mucus.
2. The acidity of the sperm is determined by an additional test strip, where the saturation of hydrogen ions is manifested. At normal rates it should be 7,6-8.Acid reaction can be noted if there is inflammation of the testicles or prostate.
3. The period of sperm dissolution. Usually, after ejaculation, the ejaculate possesses a viscous consistency, and then during 15 minutes its liquefaction takes place. The increase in this period indicates the reduced ability of sperm to fertilize the egg.
4. Color. A correct spermogram assumes that the material is white. Golden-green and yellow staining of ejaculate speaks of inflammation of the organs of the genitourinary system. Colorless seed indicates a decrease in the number of spermatozoa.

Sperm structure disorders

When evaluating the morphology of spermatozoa, specialists can observe such sperm defects as:

• anomalous head shape;
• absence of chromosome;
• wrong tail shape;
• presence of vacuolar erythrocytes in the head;
• inflection and thickening of the tail.

It is important to know that a small number of unhealthy spermatozoa are not considered a violation when assessing the result. However, the correct diagnosis can be made only by the attending physician.

Poor morphology of the sperm: the causes of

The main factors that can worsen the quality of the ejaculate:

• the constant use of alcohol and smoking;
• poor nutrition;
• great physical exertion;
• reception of drugs;
• tight underwear;
• varicocele;
• frequent contact with various chemical poisonous agents;
• experiences and stresses;
• malaise of the genitourinary system( urethritis, prostatitis);
• sedentary lifestyle;
• regular trips to the sauna;
• available sexually transmitted diseases( chlamydia, ureaplasmosis).

Which examinations need to pass

Before starting any measure aimed at changing the morphology of spermatozoa, you should undergo a complete andrological analysis, which includes the following actions:

• blood test for hormones;
• ultrasound of the prostate, as well as organs of the scrotum( dopplerography);
• is a bacteriocidal ejaculate test.

In addition, the expanded sperm motility is studied. When all these examinations are completed and the results are in the hands of the patient, the specialist will be able to identify the causes of the formation of existing anomalies and draw up a course of therapy. Treatment will be directed first of all to the exclusion of factors leading to the course of pathological processes.

How to improve the morphology of the spermogram

To improve the quality and number of spermatozoa, you need to lead a healthy and active lifestyle. It is also necessary to eliminate the effects of the causes listed above.

It is necessary to use more products that improve the quality of sperm. These are:

• pumpkin seeds;
• raisins, prunes, dried apricots;
• bran from wheat;
• natural honey;
• red meat( beef, veal);
• seafood;
• herbs( cilantro, parsley, celery);
• bakery products from wholemeal flour;
• bean cultures.

Moreover, doctors advise men to eat food containing ascorbic( fruits, vegetables) and folic acid.

Vitamins

Significantly increase the viability and vigor of zinc sperm cells( it promotes sexual activity and potency, accelerates the generation of testosterone) and vitamin C( improves blood flow).As for zinc, it is in considerable doses contained in pumpkin oil, oatmeal, legumes, buckwheat, liver. Vitamin C itself can be found in hips, citrus fruits and black currants. How to improve the morphology of the spermogram is now certainly understood by everyone.

You should know that in no time you can not self-medicate, and also take both partners ascorbic acid without consulting a doctor. After all, only he can choose the required dose, taking into account the existing diseases and contraindications to the patient.

Positively affects the quality of the ejaculate and folic acid, which establishes the formation of spermatozoa. Specialists prescribe this medication somewhere 3-4 months before the planned conception. To improve the test( spermogram with this in mind) can also use vitamin A - it takes part in the production of sex hormones and accelerates the production of sperm.

If we are talking about vitamins belonging to group B, then they contribute to the production of testosterone and make it possible to increase the activity of spermatozoa. And vitamin E, while maintaining an appropriate degree of production of sex hormones, increases the capacity for fertilization, reducing the number of abnormal spermatozoa. As for micronutrients, selenium affects the male reproductive system. So, his absence can cause the formation of infertility. In addition, an important role is played by arginine and magnesium.

Varieties of groups of medicines

To the morphology of the spermogram was with good results, you can take some medications:

• homeopathic solutions;
• biologically active additives;
• medications, based on natural substances.

Drugs

Today, you can hear a lot of good reviews about such drugs as:

• vitamins "Gerimax";
• "Tribestan";
• "Wobenzym";
• Viardo;
• "Speman";
• candles "Vitaprost";
• "Tenteks forte";
• different kinds of biostimulators( based on Eleutherococcus, Ginseng and Schisandra);
• Heel medicines( "Ubihinon compositum", "Testis compoitum", "Coenzyme");
• Profertil;
• "Spermaplant".

All these drugs are taken only by agreement with a doctor.

Probability of natural fertilization

Not always deteriorated morphology of the spermogram is an indicator of infertility in men, but any pathology can have an adverse effect on the ability to conceive. The higher the number of spermatozoa with a disturbed structure in the ejaculate, the less is the possibility of fertilization and the development of a full pregnancy. For example, if the structure of the tail of the male sex cell is disturbed, sperm motility is significantly reduced. This makes it difficult for him to access the egg. If there is a pathology of the head, then the results are the same - inability to conceive. Such spermatozoa can not get into the egg. If this still happens, then the formation of the fetus is usually accompanied by abnormalities, and a pregnant woman may have a miscarriage at first.