Sexual organs: structure, features

The human reproductive system is one of the most important in the human body, because it is responsible for the function of procreation. External genitals distinguish a man from a woman, thanks to them you can determine the sex of a newborn baby. Moreover, they perform excretory function( urination).In this article, we will discuss the question of what a genital is. Photos, structure, functions will be presented below.

Organs of the external reproductive system of women

The reproductive system is divided into external, as well as internal, genital organs. The structure of the genitals is as follows: pubis, large labia together with small ones, clitoris, and also the perineal region. The structure of the external genitalia in girls who have not had sexual intercourse has some difference, namely the presence of tissue that covers the vagina. It's a hymen. It can also be considered an external body. The cleft has one or more small holes allowing the passage of menstrual flow. During the contact, it either stretches or breaks. Complete destruction of the hymen occurs during the process of childbirth.

What is the main function of the external genitalia? The structure and location of those more arranged for sexual contacts. Reproductive function depends on internal organs. They are in the abdomen.

Sexual lips

Above the pubic articulation the pubis rises, during the ripening period, the hair begins to grow on it. The large labia are the folds of the skin of the cylindrical shape, which begin from the lower part of the pubis and continue towards the anal opening. Likewise, the pubis, they are covered with hair. Directly in the skin folds are the Bartholin glands. Their purpose is to develop a moisturizing secret. This is especially important during sexual intercourse - the discharge is lubricated by the entrance to the vagina and enhances the activity of the male sex cells.

Small labia hide beneath the large ones. These are folds of a more delicate and delicate skin. They have a huge number of nerves and glandular bodies, which also secrete a secret. Their size is an individual feature of every single woman.

Clitoris - what is it and why is it needed?

This body is very similar in structure to the male member. The clitoris has a head, as well as the penis. There is also a body. The head is in the upper part of the labia minora, being in fact the point of their union. Externally, the clitoris resembles a small pea. Its function is that in sexual contact it is a kind of a point of getting pleasure.

Urinary function of female genitalia

The structure of the genital organs in a woman is such that above the vagina is the urethra. Thanks to it, the products of vital activity, namely urine, are excreted from the body into the external environment. It should be noted that unlike the male genital organs, the urethra of a woman is not directly related to the reproductive organs. In men, this channel is also the vas deferens.

Which female reproductive organs are considered to be internal?

The vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, as well as the ovaries are genitals, the structure of which allows reproductive function. They are located in the abdominal cavity, in the lower abdomen.

Vagina

From the crotch to the uterus is located the vagina, which is a tube about 8 to 12 cm long. The walls of this organ consist of three layers: inside is a pale pink mucous membrane( during pregnancy it acquires a bluish tinge), the middle layer is a muscular, it ensures the extensibility of the organ both in contact with a man and during labor. The outer shell is a connective tissue, thanks to which the vagina is retained in the abdomen.

Uterus and appendages

Internal organs of a woman performing the function of procreation have their own structural features. The sex organ, which is called the uterus, is usually pear-shaped. Uterus has three types of tissues. The outer layer is exometry, or, to put it in simple terms, the peritoneum. The middle layer is called the myometrium, and it is the most powerful and elastic. During pregnancy, the uterus increases many times. The inner layer is the endometrium. Its function is to create all the necessary conditions for embryo implantation. Endometrium is very sensitive to the hormonal background of a woman - at the time of ovulation it thickens, preparing to receive a fertilized egg. If this does not happen, the enlarged layer of the inner uterine membrane exfoliates and exits as menstrual flow.

Also, such an organ as the uterus is conditionally divided into three parts - the bottom, its uppermost part, then the body and isthmus - the site between the cervix and the organ itself. The cervix is ​​part of it that communicates with the vagina. Inside it there is a cervical canal, rich in glands. They develop a secret that performs a protective function - the mucus does not let germs in the vagina pass into the uterine cavity.

The following genitalia, the structure of which should be considered, are the appendages with the ovaries. On both sides of the fallopian tubes fallopian tubes. On the approach to the ovaries they expand, and at the end each has fimbriae. The inner layer of the oviducts is a mucous membrane lined with ciliated cilia, allowing the mature female sex cell to move towards the uterus, and sperm move towards it, and conception occurs.

Ovaries - in the female body these are very important genital organs. The structure, their functions are calculated not only for the production of eggs, but also for the production of hormones. Ovaries consist of two layers - cortical and cerebral. Cortical contains a huge number of egg embryos, and they are incorporated into the female body from birth. By the period of puberty, they are much less. At the time of each menstrual cycle, one egg ripens in the body of the woman, which either fertilizes, or collapses and comes out with menstrual flow.

As for the endocrine function of the ovaries, it is these organs that produce active substances that enter the blood. These hormones are estrogen, progesterone, and many others that ensure the normal functioning of the woman's body, the menstrual cycle, the normal course of pregnancy and lactation after childbirth.

Male genitalia

Reproductive function in the body of men perform genitals, the structure of which differs significantly from the female. They are also located in the pelvic area, but most of them are located outside, not inside. By analogy with female masculine organs are both external and internal.

Bodies located outside the

These include the penis with the scrotum, located outside the human body. The peculiarities of the structure of the genital organs, which are located outside, consist in the fact that in addition to the sexual function they exercise the urethra. This applies to the penis, in which the same channel is created for ejaculation, and for the allocation of urine.

The penis, also referred to as the penis, has two parts in its structure, one of them is located outside and ends with a head, and the second is attached to the bones of the pelvis, namely to the pubic. This organ consists of cavernous and spongy bodies. When sexual excitement occurs, blood flows to the penis, filling the cavernous bodies. Due to this process, the penis increases in size and becomes firm, which allows you to have sexual intercourse. The penis is covered with a delicate skin that moves easily. The head is covered by its excess, which is called the foreskin.

A little below the penis is a bag of skin and muscles - it's a scrotum. Inside, it is divided by a septum, in each of the two parts of the scrotum there is one testicle each. In addition to it, there is an appendage with the vas deferens.

Sexual organs of men within

These include the testicles, their appendages, ducts for the induction of the seed, bulbourethral and prostatic glands, as well as seminal vesicles. The structure of the internal genital organs allows reproductive and endocrine function. For example, the testicles produce not only sex cells - spermatozoa, but testosterone - the hormone of men.

Eggs - organ paired, located inside the scrotum. It should be noted that at the stage of fetal development the testicles are located in the abdominal cavity and only closer to the delivery drop directly into the scrotum itself. There they are supported on a kind of cord, consisting of a vas deferens, supporting muscles, nerves and vessels. Inside they consist of lobules with convoluted tubules. In total, there are more than 1,000 such canals. From the inside they are lined with epithelial tissue, it is there that the spermatozoa form.

Each testicle leaves one vas deferens. They go deep into the pelvic area, go around the bladder, and then form the ejaculatory duct, connecting with the seminal vesicles. This process occurs in the prostate gland. In fact, there is formed sperm. Seminal vesicles and the prostate produce substances that make up its composition. Finally, at the base of the cavernous bodies of the penis, the secret of the bulbourethral glands is found in the semen.

The prostate gland, also called the prostate, looks like a chestnut nut and is a muscular-glandular organ. The structure of the male genital organs involves the connection of the urinary and reproductive functions. This is what happens in the prostate gland - it contains the beginning of the urethra, where the vas deferens are inserted. Among the functions of the prostate should be noted such as "switching" of urination and ejaculation. Due to this, there is no urine during sexual intercourse or, conversely, sperm secretion during urination.