No matter how mankind aspired to bypass it, meeting with it is inevitable anyway. It's about old age. This natural process is typical for all living organisms, but most of all it is afraid of the fair sex. The most clearly aging is noticeable when a woman has a menopausal period. Age, when this happens, can be different, but in most cases it is 48-50 years.
Why does it occur?
There is a menopausal period, primarily because the normal functioning of the ovaries stops. Approximately from 45-46 years the volume of hormones produced by them( and first of all progesterone, estradiol, androgens) starts to decrease, and within 5 years reaches zero. At times the level of gonadotropins increases. In the ovaries there are only single follicles, therefore menstruation is absent, and accordingly, pregnancy becomes impossible. At the same time, the very type of organs is changing. By increasing connective tissue, the ovaries become smaller and with wrinkles. Due to a sharp decrease in estrogen in the menopausal period, the occurrence of various pathologies in other tissues of the female body is possible.
Menopausal syndrome and its symptoms
Unfortunately, the menopausal period does not pass without a trace. The consequence of extinction of the childbearing function and the development of the aging process is the emergence of a multifactorial disease. It is called the menopausal syndrome. The most typical symptom is the so-called tide. This sensation of intense heat and sweating simultaneously. It is not difficult to explain its appearance: with the change in the hormonal background, the functionality of the thermoregulatory center in the hypothalamus is also significantly reduced, as a result of which the temperature rises sharply and causes the vessels to expand. Often the heat is felt at night. A mild climatic symptom occurs when the number of tides does not exceed 10 times a day, and a complex one - 20 or more. In addition, the menopausal period may be accompanied by other symptoms, in particular:
- neurovegetative( headache, dry skin, drowsiness, swelling of the extremities, allergic reactions, seizures, dermographism, etc.);
- endocrine-metabolic( thirst, diabetes, joint pain, genital atrophy, joint pain, etc.);
- psycho-emotional( irritability, tearfulness, fatigue, obsessive ideas, depression, memory impairment, mood and appetite change, etc.).
Diagnosis
Diagnosing a menopausal syndrome is sometimes difficult, and therefore patients often go to neurology, therapy and even psychiatric hospitals. Establish an accurate diagnosis of patients' complaints about hot flashes, as well as a blood test for hormones. So, the level of estrogens will be significantly reduced, and FSH increased.
Correction
As doctors say, you can still adjust the menopausal period. Treatment can be hormonal or not. The first, experience shows, is more effective and helps to safely remove the symptoms. It was called estrogen-progestational therapy( HRT).Of course, the use of such treatment must necessarily be coordinated with the doctor, because it has a number of contraindications, in particular this:
- kidney failure;
- thrombophlebitis;
- endometriosis;
- breast cancer;
- uterine bleeding;
- coagulopathy and others.
In addition, the drug must be correctly matched. The patient should be regularly monitored, observed the regimen and rules of hormone therapy. The treatment period should be at least 1-2 years.