Ergotherapy is what? Physical rehabilitation
The vigor and strength of the human body is one of the most important facets in life, health is shown not only in good physical shape, but also good psychological health. Throughout a person's life, stress causes considerable damage to the central system( which adversely affects their general condition), and many patients therefore resort to ergotherapy.
When a person finds a disease, then he has a very strong psychological load( nervousness, irritability, fatigue, weakness).And for the regeneration( restoration) of important skills and functions that are lost in the process of diseases, ergotherapy is used.
Who is an ergotherapist?
The ergotherapeutist is a medical specialist who helps people with certain health problems to achieve the maximum result, despite the violations.
Features of
This term came in modern medicine from the Latin word "ergon", which means "work, work";and therapy is a cure. Ergotherapy is an area of medicine that is aimed at helping a person in everyday life, developing, restoring and maintaining the skills necessary to carry out activities that are important and significant for the health and well-being of the person.
The main task of this technique is treatment by self-improvement. This area of medicine studies methods and methods that are aimed at restoring the motor activity of the hands and feet with the help of curative gymnastic exercises and sports.
The purpose of therapy is to not only restore lost motor activity to everyday activities, but also to adjust the patient to normal life again, and also to provide support for achieving independence and freedom.
Occupational therapy is not an easy special gymnastics, which is aimed at the work of fine motor skills and the process of coordination of muscle activity, and other neuralgic facets. Ergotherapy includes the following scientific sections:
- psychology;
- pedagogy;
- biomechanics;
- physiotherapy.
With the help of occupational therapy, not only motor( motor), but also cognitive and emotional abilities are being perfected.
The history of the formation of
ergotherapy This technique has existed for more than sixty years and originated in the post-war period, when physically and morally disabled soldiers returned home from the front. These people needed a set of pedagogical, psychological and medical measures that are aimed at restoring or compensating for the disturbed or completely wasted during illness or trauma normal mental and physical needs of a person. As a result, this therapy arose, the workers of which helped people to return to life, adapt to the circumstances.
In addition, occupational therapy conceals a certain secret. Medical workers confirm that this treatment is designed so that a person can learn new knowledge that he has lost( he becomes ineffective and inert, his taste for life disappears).Ergotherapy forces the patient to think more, helps him to abstract and accept disability.
Interesting!
In Russia, ergotherapy has appeared relatively recently, for ten years and up to the present time it helps people with disabilities learn to live anew.
Principles of work of
Rehabilitation in the system of ergotherapy implies a whole complex of measures that is aimed at the restoration of the natural, daily life of a person with a definite and strict account of the diseases and disorders that are already present. Only the doctor-ergotherapist is able to help the patient to learn to communicate again, to have fun, to watch himself.
The main rules of occupational therapy are as follows:
- When preparing a treatment plan, the doctor must take into account all the individual characteristics of the patient.
- The treatment is aimed at the fulfillment of necessary measures together with the medical worker, who help to recover the person.
- Continuously developing medical science contributes to the emergence of new techniques and methods for performing labor therapy.
- When performing the treatment, the doctor must take into account and recognize the culture and customs of the patient.
Where does ergotherapy work?
This technique has found wide application in various fields of medicine, as it has been included in the program of many rehabilitation measures. In most cases, ergotherapy is used in neurology( a group of biomedical scientific disciplines that study the nervous system both in norm and in pathology).
The ergotherapist helps a person recover from the following disorders and illnesses:
- paralysis of the body;
- disorders of the musculoskeletal system;
- after a stroke;
- with traumatic brain injury.
As well as ergotherapy is often used in the treatment of mental illnesses( doctors help people with psychological trauma live a normal life and follow themselves, outside the medical institution).The doctor makes up an individual program of communication and training for each patient. To do this, apply a variety of computational methods.
Features of Occupational Therapy for Stroke and Children's Cerebral Palsy
As already mentioned, this therapy is in addition to physical and gymnastic exercises, a complex of psychological training that is tailored to each patient individually. To provide systematic recovery procedures, the doctor-ergotherapist takes into account not only the human condition, but also the habitat, the degree of disease, the way of life.
Physical therapy( ergotherapy) for acute disorders of cerebral circulation offers a whole range of various gymnastic activities that specialize in the development of fine motor skills, memory, speech, and restoration of coordination.
In rehabilitation procedures after a stroke, the ergotherapist uses not only medical, but also pedagogical, psychological, as well as social and physical methods of using ergotherapy. Today, a large number of methods of recovery are known for acute impairment of cerebral circulation, the doctor chooses the most favorable option for his patient, based on its characteristics.
Occupational therapy for children with cerebral palsy implies the development of greater independence in young patients. In ergotherapy in children's cerebral palsy, psychological restorative methods are used, a whole complex of psychological support aimed at building confidence and initiative.
For this, there are both individual and group lessons in a game form, as well as in the form of conversations. The physician-ergotherapeutist, proceeding from the peculiarities of the child's psyche, selects an individual approach for him.
Ergotherapy: treatment methods
With occupational therapy, two main approaches are used:
- self-service skills building methodology;
- method for increasing the patient's productivity.
The first technique is applicable for patients living with:
- hemiparesis( partial paralysis of the body muscles);
- paraparesis( a neurological symptom that covers both limbs);
- ataxia( partial or complete loss of coordination of voluntary muscle movements);
- apraxia( violation of targeted movements);
- by hyperkinesis or dyskinesia( involuntary movements in one or a whole group of muscles).
The second method is aimed at teaching the patient different ways of handling kitchen utensils, personal hygiene items. The technique is used in the education of wheelchair users, as well as people who suffer from neurological and mental disorders. Ergotherapy is a certain physical and gymnastic exercise, which trains fine motor skills and coordination. The medical specialist helps to solve specific difficulties and problems that are on the way to healing. To identify them, the doctor asks to perform a simple task( write a number, letter), watching the movements of the patient, the doctor makes conclusions about the nature of the violation and the ways of its correction.
Occupational technique and evaluation of autism
The ergotherapist conducts research, studies children, watches them to see if they can fulfill the tasks they must perform at this age. It happens that the doctor receives a home video clip on which you can track how the child behaves during the day, how it interacts with the surrounding people and objects. The ergotherapist can assess autism by the following factors:
- concentration attention;
- endurance;
- game activity;
- response to the touch of other people;
- aggression or melancholy;
- needs a personal space.
The effectiveness of ergotherapy with autism
Autistic people often have problems communicating with other people. The actions of people suffering from this disease are rather limited. The main group of patients for the use of ergotherapy are children who suffer from infantile cerebral palsy, with injuries to the musculoskeletal system, and with autism.
Ergotherapy for children can combine several different rehabilitation schemes. They help a child with autism respond better to the world around him, allows the child to get closer to his peers, correctly express feelings and emotions, and focus his attention on the tasks set.
How does labor therapy help a child with autism?
Ergotherapy - physical rehabilitation and psychological trainings conducted by the ergotherapist, positively influence the socialization of children with autism.
The goal of therapy is to help the patient improve his quality of life in society. The medical worker helps to strengthen, preserve and master the skills and abilities that make a person with autism more independent.
Where can I get ergotherapy training?
Teach ergotherapy in any medical college in the country. After receiving special education, young specialists can work in rehabilitation centers. The course of ergotherapy in Moscow, with accommodation in the hospital, will cost the patient about 15,000 rubles( inpatient treatment with a certain schedule of the day and nutrition).The duration of treatment directly depends on the person himself and his learning ability.