"Lidocaine"( ointment): instruction manual, reviews
In order to eliminate pain, a variety of anesthetics are used. If the pain syndrome needs to be removed directly from the body site, topical preparations are used. Basically it is sprays, ointments, gels."Lidocaine" has different forms of release. To remove the pain from the affected area, it is most often used as a 5% ointment.
Composition and form of the release of "Lidocaine"
"Lidocaine"( ointment) is created exclusively for external use. The composition of the drug includes such active ingredients as lidocaine hydrochloride and chlorhexidine dihydrochloride. The drug contains additional components, such as hyethellosis( hydroxyethylcellulose) and glycerol.
The drug is a clear gel.
In turn, the product is packed into aluminum tubes of 15 and 30 g and 25 g in jars of dark glass. In the cardboard box is enclosed with the "Lidocaine" ointment instruction.
This drug is not only available as an ointment, but also in the form of a spray, and in ampoules intended for injection.
The drug should be stored in a cool dry place and not reach children. The shelf life of the ointment is three years, after it has passed, the medicinal product can not be used.
Pharmacological action of the drug
The drug refers to antiarrhythmic IB-class. It acts as a local anesthetic and is an acetanilide derivative. It is characterized by membrane-stabilizing activity.
"Lidocaine"( ointment) reduces the duration of the impact potential and the productive period in the Purkinje fibers, inhibits their independent activity. The drug blocks the electrical activity of depolarized, arrhythmogenic zones, but at the same time has the least effect on the electrical work of normal tissues.
When used in medicated doses, the drug does not significantly affect myocardial contractility and does not slow AV conduction. If "Lidocaine" is used as an antiarrhythmic drug and is administered iv, the onset of its action occurs 45-90 seconds later, and the effect lasts about 10-20 minutes. With the / m introduction of the drug, the effect can be felt after 5-15 minutes, and its duration is 60-90 minutes.
The drug is intended for terminal, infiltration and conduction anesthesia.
The drug can be applied externally to the problem area several times a day. The recommended number of applications is 3-4 times a day.
It is often used 2% gel "Lidocaine" for the introduction into the esophagus or larynx of a medical instrument. The drug is applied with a special medical stick. If the anesthesia did not work or the effect of the drug was insignificant, the procedure for applying the drug is repeated.
In the same concentration, the ointment is used in studies in the urological area for women, where it is lubricated by the urethral mucosa. The consumption of the medication in this case is affected by the individual structure of the urethra. Another gel is used when introducing a catheter into the urethra in men, while consuming up to 100 mg of the drug.
To reduce pain in the inflammatory processes in the bladder, patients are given one dose of the ointment along with other medications once. Such therapy lasts up to five days.
The gel with lidocaine is also used during the examination of the bladder by an endoscope. So, in order to fill and increase the urethra, use up to 30 ml of this drug. This dose is introduced in two stages with a small interval. The urethra for a short time is then pinched.
Also used in cosmetology "Lidocaine"( ointment) - for epilation of bikini and other sensitive areas of the body.
After intramuscular injection of the drug, it is absorbed almost completely. Quickly distributed. Its interaction with proteins is affected by the concentration of the active component in the blood, which is 60-80%.The drug is metabolized mainly in the liver, while it provokes the appearance of active metabolites, which affect the therapeutic and toxic effects, especially after the infusion( for a day or more).
The half-life of the drug tends to be biphasic with a distribution phase of 7-9 minutes. Depends on the dose of administration and is 1-2 hours, gradually increases to three hours or more during a prolonged IV infusion( more than 24 hours).It is excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites, only 10% is released unchanged.
Lidocaine ointment: application of
Lidocaine( 5%) ointment has only a local application. Reduces pain in the areas of damage to the skin( wounds, bruises) and on the mucous membranes of the mouth. It is used in the perianal area.
Contraindications to the use of
The use of the gel "Lidocaine"( the instruction before use must be read) practically does not cause negative reactions, but despite this, the agent can not be used if the mucosa is damaged. In this case, the absorption of anesthetic increases, which can lead to the occurrence of systemic toxicity.
Do not use the drug in childhood( up to two years) and hypersensitivity to lidocaine.
"Lidocaine"( ointment): instruction for use
The amount of the preparation used to treat the skin depends on the condition of the patient and the area to be treated, the vascularity of the tissues. The consumption of the ointment is affected by the individual tolerability of the components. After all, you can use the medicine in minimal doses or for a certain period of time to stop using it.
"Lidocaine" -meal( the instruction tells in detail, in which cases this medication can not be used) is prescribed in the presence of certain indications to adults and children, starting from the age of twelve.
To ease the pain, ointment should be applied at a dose of 1-2 grams several times a day. Optimum - 3-4 applications.
Children under the age of twelve should use the gel with caution. Here it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that in children of this age the bioavailability is 100%.Therefore, the maximum allowable dose should not exceed 0.1 g / kg of the child's weight, which means 5 mg of lidocaine per kilogram of body weight. The interval between application of the ointment should not be less than eight hours.
The drug is applied to the mucosa during procedures such as diagnosing the trachea, larynx and esophagus. Ointment is often lubricated with instruments for examination. The processing of instruments by Lidocaine is also carried out during the event. At this time, consumed 0.2-2 g of ointment. If such an anesthesia did not work, then after 2-3 minutes the procedure is repeated again.
The maximum daily dose for an adult is 300 mg( 6 g of gel).To the ladies in the department of urology, the urethral mucosa is treated with 3-5 ml of the drug. For men, an ointment is used immediately before the catheterization in an amount of 5-10 ml. The maximum daily dose for children is 4.5 mg / kg.
In dentistry, the ointment is applied to the oral mucosa for subsequent anesthesia. The interval between the application of the ointment is 2-3 minutes. Another gel is used to remove tartar. For this, the drug is rubbed into the edge of the gums and the neck of the teeth for 2-3 minutes. Apply the application of the ointment on the mucous membrane of the mouth with the formation of aphthae and erosions.
Often used "Lidocaine"( ointment) for epilation. This preparation is especially suitable for epilation of the bikini zone. As a local anesthetic, the drug is used 3 to 3.5 hours before the hair removal procedure. First, the gel is applied to the surface of the skin, and then wrapped around the desired area with a food film.
Side effects of
"Lidocaine"( ointment) in some cases can cause skin irritation, since the drug, in addition to lidocaine, also contains propylene glycol. Also, the appearance of such side effects as hives, swelling. In rare cases, anaphylactic shock was observed.
In the event of systemic toxicity due to the use of external analgesics, side effects are observed in the central nervous and cardiovascular systems.
Symptoms of the central nervous system manifest themselves in the form of anxiety, nervousness, anxiety, agitation and loss of orientation. In some cases there is confusion of thoughts, noise in the ears, fuzzy vision, miosis, nausea and vomiting reflex, convulsions, tremor. There were signs of irritation, loss of sensitivity of the tongue and the area around the oral cavity.
On the part of the cardiovascular system, in some cases, depression of myocardial functions was noted in patients, as well as peripheral vasodilation, which occurred after hypertension and bradycardia. Such a picture can cause arrhythmia and, as a consequence, a cardiac arrest. Very rarely there is methemoglobinemia.
Interaction with other
preparations "Lidocaine"( ointment) when combined with antiarrhythmic drugs can cause paralysis or complete cardiac arrest. This condition was observed in patients who used lidocaine together with amiodarone, tokaine, or procaine.
Antiepileptic drugs in combination with lidocaine can reduce the concentration of the drug in the blood."Phenytoin", administered intravenously, is able to increase the cardiodepressive properties of the active substance.
Combination with beta-blockers increases the concentration of lidocaine in the blood. A similar effect is caused by "Nadolol".
H2-antagonists, for example "cimetidine", increase the hepatic metabolism of the active component, which increases the degree of toxicity of lidocaine.
Hypokalemia, which was triggered by the use of "Acetazolamide", with diuretics, interferes with the action of lidocaine.
Causes side effects of simultaneous use of the drug with vasoconstrictors.
Special instructions
Do not apply "Lidocaine"( 5% ointment) to the oral mucosa, if there is inflammation or the patient is diagnosed with sepsis.
To avoid systemic absorption, it is necessary to use with extreme caution the medicine for anemia, methemoglobinemia, and also for lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
When allergic to ointment should immediately stop using it and deal with the elimination of side effects.
"Lidocaine" is not prescribed for patients suffering from hypovolemia, as well as having a blockade of cardiac muscles and other malfunctions of cardiac conduction.
Precautions are taken when the medication is used if congestive heart failure, bradycardia, or respiratory depression occurs.
If you follow the instructions, the risk of side effects from the CNS is minimal. If there is a special sensitivity in patients to the drug "Lidocaine", the medicine is used with extreme caution. With an allergic reaction to the derivatives of para-aminobenzoic acid, no cross-sensitivity to lidocaine was detected.
The drug should be used with extreme caution in pregnancy, since studies showing the effect of the active substance on the fetus were not performed. Experts recommend that in the first trimester of pregnancy, if possible, refrain from using the drug.
"Lidocaine" enters the breast milk in the smallest doses, which does not adversely affect the development of the child.
Renal failure does not cause significant changes in pharmacokinetics when using "Lidocaine"( 5% ointment).
In the presence of liver failure, you either need to completely abandon the application of the drug, or reduce the application to minimum doses. When applying the product on the face, you need to make sure that the medicine does not get into your eyes.
An overdose of the drug may occur due to the systemic toxicity of local anesthetics and is caused by high concentrations of the active substance in the blood. It provokes the appearance of side effects associated with the action of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems.
In this situation, appropriate treatment is carried out. Provide airway patency, try to get rid of carbon dioxide. In the patient's body, oxygen is introduced or artificial respiration is given.
If there are convulsions, they are removed by administering succinylcholine in an amount of 50-100 mg and / or diazepam in a dose of 5-15 mg. In some cases, short-acting barbiturates are used. Dialysis in such a situation does not give the desired effect and therefore does not apply.
Analogues of "Lidocaine"
If, for some reason, "Lidocaine"( ointment) does not come up for epilation or for other purposes, do not despair, it is enough to pay attention to substitutes for this drug, among which are:
- Naropin;
- Bulivacaine;
- "Ultracaine DS";
- Novokain;
- cream "Emla";
- "Midokalm";
- "Zaldiar";
- Artifrin;
- "Nalbufin";
- "Diprofol".
The use of each drug has its own characteristics, so the replacement should only be done by a doctor. Only in this case it is possible to count on competent selection of a medicine.
Reviews of women about the use of an ointment for depilation
Many reviews receive the drug "Lidocaine"( ointment).Epilations with the use of this remedy have ceased to be painful. It well removes the pain, removes the sensitivity, which makes it possible to make the hair removal procedure sufficiently safe and as comfortable as possible. Women apply the cream to the entire area, which will be processed, and polyethylene is put on top and held for 2-3 hours. After such manipulations, as a rule, pain during hair removal is no longer felt even in the most sensitive areas of the body.
But not everyone is happy with the action of the drug "Lidocaine"( ointment).Reviews negative say that this is a completely useless remedy, and it practically does not take away the pain. In some women, the gel eliminated the pain, but a slight sensitivity was still observed during the epilation procedure. Many prefer to use the spray "Lidocaine" and say that it acts several times more efficiently than the ointment. This is due to the individual characteristics of the body.