Diseases of the intestine

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Diseases of the intestine of an inflammatory nature are accompanied by a lesion of the mucosa of a site or the entire body as a whole. In this case, the mucus membrane is secreted.

Inflammation of the mucosa in the duodenum is called duodenitis, in the large intestine - colitis, the small intestine - enteritis. The inflammatory process in the rectum is called proctitis. When inflammation of the cecum, tiflitis is diagnosed, appendix, appendicitis. Sigmoiditis is an inflammation of the sigmoid colon.

Many diseases of the intestines, accompanied by inflammation of the mucosa, provoke the appearance of ulcers. In many cases, they are bleeding. Such ulcers accompany severe inflammation. These include such intestinal diseases as typhoid fever, dysentery and other diseases.

In some cases, deep ulcers provoke perforation( perforation) of the organ wall, which subsequently causes purulent peritonitis.

Diseases of the intestine cause not only anatomical, but also functional disorders.

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As is known, the function of the intestinal tract includes the continuation and completion of digestion of food, the absorption of nutrients and water into the blood, and the removal of food remains unnecessary to the body.

Any intestinal disease provokes a violation of its functions.

Inflammation of the mucosa is accompanied by increased secretion into the lumen of the mucus organ, and in some cases, exudative fluid.

Constipation and diarrhea often accompany intestinal diseases. Symptoms arise as a result of a violation of reflex muscle contraction. Such conditions can occur not only in cases of lesions of the intestinal walls, but also on the basis of nervous disorders. In medical practice, there are many cases in which the increase in peristalsis( diarrhea) occurred precisely in a state of intense excitement or fear, while the intestinal walls were absolutely healthy. Strengthening peristalsis can be caused by rough plant foods. In some cases, enhanced peristalsis, as well as emetic state, is a special reaction of the body, through which accelerated removal of harmful substances from the body occurs.

Intestinal lesions can be caused not only by inflammation. So, helminthiases are caused by parasitic worms. For this group of diseases, a relatively slow flow and development is characteristic.

To diseases of the intestines of an infectious nature include salmonellosis. As a rule, animals are considered to be its main vectors. In rare cases, the source of the disease can be a person. Typically, the sources of "hospital" strains include patients and staff in hospitals. The disease is transmitted through food products of animal origin or water.

Congenital or acquired weakness of connective intestinal tissue can provoke diverticulosis. This disease occurs when changes in the muscular wall and the violation of its motor skills. This disease is attributed to the final manifestation of any disturbance in the intestinal wall. With this disease, the appearance of sack protrusions on the walls. The disease is not characterized by any expressed manifestations and is diagnosed, as a rule, accidentally during the study of the intestine for other reasons.

Giardiasis refers to infectious diseases. The disease is expressed in bowel dysfunction. The disease occurs in the form of parasitism. The main cause of its occurrence is a violation of absorption of carbohydrates, fats, vitamins. Giardiasis is also called a disease of dirty hands. The disease is transmitted through water, food.