Synovial cyst: causes and treatment
Arthrosis joints are often accompanied by a phenomenon such as synovial cyst. In modern medicine, a vast experience has been accumulated in combating this disease - from conservative therapy to surgical intervention. This operation is much preferable. After all, it protects against subsequent relapse. But since surgical intervention is a traumatizing of tissues, this procedure is taken last.
So, let's figure out what the synovial cyst is. How to deal with it? And for what reasons does it arise?
Characteristics of the disease
The synovial cyst is an exceptionally benign formation. It is a cavity filled with liquid, often with impurities of blood. This pathology develops from a capsule of joints or synovial vagina of tendons. The disease manifests itself as a cyst, and as a tumor. And the mechanism of formation of the disease resembles the formation of diverticula of the intestine.
Similar pathology can be observed on a variety of joints: knee, hip, wrist. Sometimes it is localized on the spine.
Causes of pathology
Until now, physicians continue to debate, trying to identify sources that lead to the onset of the disease.
It is known that a synovial cyst is formed against the background of the following factors:
- osteoporosis;
- congenital disorders;
- arthritis;
- articular instability;
- previous injuries;
- is an inflammation that has an infectious nature.
Symptoms of the disease
The synovial cyst of the joint is a tumor-like formation that rises above the surface of the skin. Sometimes the pathology grows under the tendon. In this case, education does not manifest itself. But it causes the patient some discomfort during the movement.
Most often, the only complaint that appears in a patient is an aesthetic defect. After all, a small cyst does not cause pain or inflammatory reaction. Therefore, she does not bother the person at all. If the formation reaches a large size, then there is a symptomatology of compression of the main vessels and nerves.
In this case, there may be signs of a malaise:
- marked pain in the cyst area;
- is limited to the mobility of the affected area;
- tissues swell;
- on the diseased joint, the spherical bulge becomes noticeable.
Synovial cyst of the spine can manifest itself with such symptoms:
- in the sitting position, the patient very quickly develops pain;
- observed numbness of the lower limbs;
- may cause digestive tract disorder, impair the functioning of the bladder, kidneys( in the chronic stage).
Knee joint pathology
The synovial ceca of the popliteal fossa is known in medicine as the Becker cyst. Pathology is a dense tumor-like formation, which is localized in the popliteal fossa. To the touch it is quite painful.
The tumor is formed against the background of inflammation, flowing in the interbody bag. If the cystic pathology develops, then such a bag inflames, significantly increases in size. The patient experiences pain and serious difficulties during movement in the knee joint.
Methods of treatment of pathology completely depend on the stage of the disease. If the tumor has been formed recently, then the patient has enough puncture. In this procedure, the liquid that has accumulated inside the cavity is pumped out with a needle. Instead, a special corticosteroid solution is administered.
If the pathology is started, the usual methods of treatment will not give a favorable result. In this case, the surgeon can not do without the help. During the operation, as a rule, inflamed tissues are removed. The prognosis after surgery is quite optimistic.
Hand joint cyst
Lesions of articulations of wrist joints are often observed. Such pathologies are called hygromes in medicine. Synovial cyst of the finger( photo allows you to see the pathology) is characterized by painful discomfort, which tends to increase with loads. Such a tumor is extremely unsightly.
On the treatment of the opinions of specialists completely disagree. Some believe that this tumor should not be touched. These doctors are confident that over time, education will resolve itself. Other doctors suggest, without opening the outer tissues, to crush the tumor. This procedure is extremely painful. In addition, she does not exclude the risk of relapse.
The optimal method of treatment is puncture gigromnogo education. In the cavity after pumping out the liquid, an anti-inflammatory solution is injected. As a rule, the puncture is performed with the help of ultrasound control.
But, unfortunately, sometimes you can not do without surgery. It should be said that only the surgical method of treatment almost completely eliminates the risk of relapse. The operation takes place under local anesthesia.
Hip dysplasia
The hip joint is the most complex construction of the human torso. Very often, with such a pathology, there is no pain and discomfort.
Pathology can make itself felt by such symptoms:
- painful discomfort;
- feeling of numbness in the thigh area;
- loss of sensitivity in the affected area.
Most often, these pathologies develop as a result of inflammatory and degenerative processes in the body. To identify the ailment, the patient is assigned an X-ray examination. With the help of MRI, the synovial cyst of the hip joint is well diagnosed.
How to treat the disease? Methods of fighting the disease can be recommended only by the attending physician. Methods of treatment vary from medicamentous to surgical and practically do not differ from those described above.
Spine cyst
Sometimes a tumor can be localized on the spine. Such formation is a kind of periarticular cyst.
This education can appear for a variety of reasons. Pathology is congenital. In this case, the tumor forms during embryo development. But most often the cyst is acquired. At the heart of the development of the disease lie the difference in trauma, as well as the degenerative, inflammatory processes that occur in the vertebrae. In addition, the strongest physical exertion can also become a source of development of such a disease as the synovial cyst.
Treatment of this form of the disease practically does not differ in any way from the above tactics of combating formations on other joints. Doctors recommend resorting to a puncture, which removes liquid from the cavity. In case of a serious course of the disease, the surgeon's assistance is needed, since the only method of treatment for an intractable illness is surgery.
Medical treatment
This therapy is prescribed to a patient with inflammation of the surrounding tissues of the synovial cyst. The tumor itself is almost never inflamed. However, only a doctor should prescribe medication, since such therapy can be used only with aseptic inflammation. If the process is purulent, then only one treatment is possible - surgery, which must be undertaken as soon as possible.
Aseptic inflammation is treated with the following drugs:
- NSAIDs: Nimesil medicine, Diclofenac ointment.
- Antihistamines: Gistan cream, Clemastin.
- Anti-inflammatory corticosteroid agents: local effects medicine "Diprosalic."
Sinister methods
Treatment of the synovial cyst with folk remedies is a rather questionable therapy. Therefore, it is not worthwhile to fully rely on its effectiveness. However, in conjunction with the appointment of a doctor, she is quite capable of bringing relief.
Effective such recipes:
- For 30 days, you should consume fresh cabbage juice before eating with 100-150 ml. Drink taken twice a day.
- At night on the cyst area apply lotions with alcohol( 70%).You can use a strong moonshine for the procedure.
- Prepare a mixture consisting of equal parts of honey, rye flour and aloe pulp. Such a tool must be applied as a compress to the affected area at night.
- Place a cabbage leaf on the cyst, which is heavily oiled with honey. Such a compress should stay on the bump all night.
- Take sea salt( 2 tbsp.), Dry clay( 1 tbsp.).Stir the ingredients. Dissolve the mixture with warm water( 100 ml).Apply the product to the affected area. Top with a tight bandage. This compress should be repeated for 10 days. According to the medicine man, this time is enough for the patient to feel a significant improvement in the condition.
- Excellent therapeutic effect is able to render Ointment Vishnevsky. The agent should be applied evenly on the gauze. Such a compress is applied to the area of the synovial cyst. On top wrapped in polyethylene and fixed using a rubber bandage. This event should be repeated 2 times a day. Continue treatment is recommended until complete healing.
Synovial cyst is a rather unpleasant formation, which is characterized by an unsightly appearance. However, such a tumor almost never becomes malignant. If we talk about the methods of treatment, then the most effective is the surgical intervention, which protects the patient from relapses.