Allergosis respiratory. Symptoms, treatment
Allergosis respiratory is a collective name for a group of diseases affecting the organs of the respiratory tract, caused by an inadequate response from the immune system to a certain irritant substance, the so-called allergen. Basically, these substances penetrate the body through the air-droplet mechanism, but they can not be excluded from food and medicines.
Causes of allergies non-infectious nature
Among the factors that influence the occurrence of allergies, heredity is far from the last. If one or both parents are prone to allergies, then there is a high probability that the child will also have increased sensitivity to a number of stimuli. An important role in the formation of such a sensitivity, and as a consequence, an allergic reaction, is played by improper nutrition: prolonged artificial feeding of a child, enthusiasm for products with a high content of artificial preservatives. In addition, the inhalation of polluted air when living in close proximity to industrial facilities or busy roads, prolonged medication treatment, frequent respiratory diseases have a negative impact and contribute to the emergence of allergies.
Respiratory allergosis in children is very common. If for the smallest of them the most frequent allergens are food products: cow's milk, oranges, berries, chocolate, then in schoolchildren, sensitivity is observed to household irritants, such as dust, animal hair, tobacco smoke, and pollen of plants.
Allergic respiratory infections often occur under the influence of house dust. It is home to microscopic mites, molds, wool, feathers and feathers of animals, particles of the epidermis, book dust, various chemicals: cleaning products and washing powders, cosmetics. Often allergic reactions to various medications: vitamins, antibiotics, antiseptics, aspirin, novocaine.
Infectious causes of allergy
In addition to non-infectious sources of allergy, there are also infectious, which are various microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, fungi. Foci of chronic infections in the body may well serve as sources of its hypersensitivity and subsequent development of allergies. In general, often there is a susceptibility to several substances, and not to one, and this series has a tendency to expand throughout life.
Types of respiratory allergies
Allergic rhinitis is perhaps the most common respiratory allergosis, the symptoms of which include nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, secretion of watery secretion and tear on the puffiness of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity. Often allergic rhinitis is seasonal in nature, but it can also be year-round, leaking alone, and in combination with sinusitis and otitis.
Allergic pharyngitis is characterized by swelling of the pharyngeal mucosa. There may be painful sensations when swallowing, a feeling of foreign object in the throat, dry cough, hoarseness of the voice. Along with pharyngitis, allergic tonsillitis and laryngitis are often observed.
Allergic respiratory diseases include such a pathology as allergic tracheitis. It implies attacks of an obsessive, painful, dry cough, as in whooping cough, mostly at night. There may be fever and even vomiting.
Allergic bronchitis is a long-term disease characterized by frequent relapses. The general condition of a person can be painful while this, and the temperature is elevated. The nature of coughing with the course of the disease changes from dry to wet, rattles in the bronchi on the breath are clearly audible, but there are no attacks of suffocation. In the case of allergic obstructive bronchitis, breathing is difficult because the bronchial narrowing occurs.
Continues the list of such diseases as allergosis respiratory, allergic pneumonia. This is the most severe form of the defeat of the respiratory system, which is based on an allergic reaction due to hypersensitivity of the organism to this or that irritant. With this disease, cough, dyspnea, chills, general weakness are observed. The form of allergic pneumonia can be both acute and chronic. In case of inadequate or untimely treatment of this disease, the prognosis may be very unfavorable.
Diagnosis of respiratory allergies
Correct recognition of the allergic cause of respiratory diseases is possible only with full analysis of all data. As a rule, the course of such diseases has a protracted character, with constant relapses. The allergic nature of such pathologies is indicated by certain changes in blood composition, the results of special tests and tests.
Therapy of respiratory allergies
Treatment of respiratory allergies reduces primarily to limiting contact with an allergen, and for this it is necessary to correctly determine it. If you yourself find it difficult to understand what caused the pathological process, you can not do without consulting an allergist doctor who will conduct the necessary tests.
Drug treatment is performed with the use of antihistamines in combination with enterosorbents and prebiotics. If necessary, symptomatic therapy is carried out, which is reduced to taking funds that lower the temperature and pain medications. Good results are provided by physiotherapy: baths and inhalations, as well as treatment by staying in a microclimate of salt caves.
The same approach is used if it is necessary to prevent respiratory allergies in children. Treatment consists, first of all, in prevention of contact of the child and a stimulus, whether it be some product, dust, tobacco smoke, a chemical or a medicine, adherence to a hypoallergenic diet, vitamin therapy.
Prevention of allergies
The best prevention of allergies is the strengthening of all immunity, exercise and respiratory gymnastics. In case of danger of hereditary hypersensitivity to various irritants, the future mother should still adhere to the diet during pregnancy, and after the birth of the baby, do not transfer it to artificial feeding as long as possible.