"Cefazolin": analogues, application features
What to take - "Cefazolin" or "Ceftriaxone", or do you choose "Orpin" or "Nacef"?There are many analogues, but they differ not only in price, but in the impact on the human body. If the doctor prescribed "Cefazolin" intramuscularly, you can not independently change it to another medication. Replacement of analogues is possible only if agreed with the doctor. At the reception the expert will tell you how to plant "Cefazolinum" with lidocaine, what can be replaced with a medicine if a need arises. If the product you are looking for is not available, you should first consult a doctor and only then choose the appropriate analogue."Cefazolin" belongs to a number of fairly strong means, and self-treatment, as well as unauthorized correction of a doctor-appointed program are unacceptable.
"Cefazolin": from what and what is it?
The drug is available in powder form for injection. The vial contains pure cefazolin without any impurities. The drug is usually white or yellowish. There are no medicines in the pharmacies. Efficacy is due to the fact that the active component belongs to the group of semisynthetic antimicrobial compounds that have a wide therapeutic spectrum of effects. Most often it is prescribed for infections caused by various pathogens.
Pharmacology
Active substance, being in the tissues of the body, contacts the cells of microbes, inhibiting the synthesis of the walls. The best result of injection of "Cefazolin" is shown with gram-positive pathogens of the disease, often a therapeutic effect is observed when infecting with gram-negative microscopic forms of life.
The product is almost not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, so the doctor always tells at the reception how and how much to prick "Cefazolin".Injection is the most effective method of drug administration. If a single dose of 0.5 g is prescribed, the highest concentration in the blood reaches the active component after a couple of hours, 85% is associated with plasma proteins. After intake, the substance quickly penetrates into the bones, articular, ascitic fluid, pleura. There is no information on the effect on the nervous system. Half-life occurs in two hours.
When to use?
From what "Cefazolin" is usually prescribed? The list is quite extensive:
- infectious lesions of the respiratory system;
- infection of the urinary and biliary tract;
- inflammatory processes diagnosed in the pelvic organs, abdominal cavity;
- sepsis;
- inflammation of the heart;
- peritonitis;
- infection of joints, bone tissue;
- venereal pathology;
- infection of the skin on the background of injuries, surgeries, burns;
- mastitis.
What you need to know
At the reception, the doctor will explain how to dilute "Cefazolin" with water for injection, taking into account the particular case. The doctor will choose the dosage, tell about the frequency of application and how to properly do the injection. It is unacceptable to be treated by this antibiotic alone. The instruction for use, of course, contains a description of some details, but very much depends on the individual characteristics of the situation, the patient's body, the nature of the disease, so there is no universal prescription for use.
Special case of
If "Cefazolin" is prescribed for children, the dosage is prescribed by the treating doctor. The weight and age of the child are taken into account. So, for the treatment of newborns, premature babies it is necessary to use an antibiotic in the calculation of 20 mg per kilogram of live weight. If the child's weight is more than two kilograms, and the age is over seven days, then the dose is increased to 60 mg per kilogram.
If an antimicrobial is used in the treatment of a severe case, the dosage is 100 mg per kilogram of body weight, the daily dose is divided into three or four doses. With a mild form of infection, the drug is used in an amount of 25-50 mg per kilogram of weight, the daily dose is administered in 2-4 doses.
When not?
It is inadmissible to apply "Cefazolin" if an increased sensitivity to this antimicrobial compound is detected. In general, it is advised to avoid the drug in the treatment of children under the age of one month, but in each specific case the doctor makes a decision, focusing on the severity of the disease and the peculiarities of the situation.
How much is it?
The price of "Cefazolinum" certainly worries many - and parents, whose children have been discharged, and adults who were advised to take it. The medication is available, really inexpensive. On average this year the price of "Cefazolin"( one package) is 20-40 rubles, in the package - one gram of powder for breeding.
Unpleasant consequences of
Like any other antibiotic, "Cefazolin" can provoke adverse reactions. The digestive system often responds to taking the drug with nausea and vomiting, an allergic reaction may develop. In a relatively small percentage of cases, candidiasis, colitis is diagnosed. The injection site may be affected by painful sensations.
Very rarely, the use of "Cefazolin" provokes an effect on the functionality of the liver and can cause anaphylactic shock. There is a risk of reversible leukopenia, renal dysfunction, angioedema. From medical practice it is known that the use of "Cefazolin" can cause arthralgia, neutro-, thrombocytopenia.
What should I replace?
In modern pharmacies there is a rather wide variety of drugs that can be used instead of "Cefazolin".Most often they resort to "Tsefaleksinu" or "Reflunu."As an analogue of "Tsefazolin" are medicines "Tsefamezin", "Tsefazeks".If it is not possible to purchase the prescription drug, the doctor may advise you to replace it with "Tsezolin".
The listed analogues of "Cefazolin" are on sale mainly in powder form. The antimicrobial substance cefazolin is not sold as tablets, its substitutes are also( with rare exceptions) not available for oral administration.
Alternative: "Ceftriaxone"
This analogue of "Cefazolin" belongs to the number of third-generation antibiotics and also has a wide range of effects on the human body. It is also inexpensive - about 20 rubles per ampoule, containing one gram of the drug. Absorption through the gastrointestinal tract is almost not happening, so the medication is not released in the tablets. In addition, it is known that the preparation strongly irritates the mucous membranes, which makes it impossible to use it orally.
Biological availability of the drug is close to one hundred percent. In comparison with analogues, this agent is better associated with blood proteins, half-elimination is delayed for a long time, and "Ceftriaxone" should be used one or two times a day.
Features of the use of
It is not recommended to use "Ceftriaxone" for the therapy of newborns, since the antimicrobial component can change the bond of bilirubin and albumin, displacing the first compound from it. In each case, the doctor decides, telling the parents what dangers the therapy will involve.
Will it help or not?
"Ceftriaxone" shows a good result when infected with gram-positive, gram-negative pathogens. Inefficiency is known only in inflammatory processes provoked by methicillin-resistant staphylococci, enterococci and D-streptococci( with rare exceptions).
"Rocefin"
This is an imported preparation produced by a Swiss company. The price for it is appropriate - one package costs about 500 rubles, contains one gram of powder intended for breeding. The medicine is also injected, in tablet form it is not produced due to low digestibility through the gastrointestinal tract. Presented in pharmacies, the packages contain not only the powder itself, but also lidocaine, in which it must be diluted before administration.
The indications for using the medication are exactly the same as those described earlier. The advantage of the product is a high level of cleaning, which explains its cost, which is much higher than domestic medicines.
"Azaran"
And the range of actions, and the situations in which "Azaran" will show a positive effect, coincide with those listed for drugs earlier. The active component here is exactly the same, but it is believed that its purification degree is very high. Currently, "Azaran" is called one of the most high-quality medicines containing the antibiotic cefazolin. However, it costs not cheap - about one and a half thousand for a package containing one gram of powder for injecting.
"Cefotaxime"
This analogue of "Cefazolin" contains the same active active substance, therefore the spectrum of action coincides with the products listed above. It is classified as an antimicrobial agent of the third generation. On sale it is represented by a powder, as it can not be absorbed effectively through the digestive system. The drug is characterized by a relatively low in comparison with the analogues the percentage of binding to blood proteins, which affects the half-life - this interval is about six hours.
"Cefotaxime" shows the effectiveness for all the pathologies listed above, pathogens, their provoking. In addition, it can be used in the treatment of infection with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. If the disease is severe, up to four injections per day should be taken. Dosage, frequency of injections is chosen by a doctor, guided by information from the patient's analyzes, the patient's condition. One of the important advantages of "Cefotaxime" is its inability to displace bilirubin from its bonds with albumin, so that it is possible to fearlessly use an antibiotic in the treatment of young children. The cost of one package is about 20 rubles.
"Cefalexin"
One package of this drug costs about 70 rubles. The drug is presented in the form of a suspension, capsules. This is the first-generation drug, an antimicrobial drug belonging to the group of cephalosporin. Oral reception is accompanied by rapid adsorption from the digestive system, after an hour in the blood the highest level of concentration of the active compound is observed. The antibiotic is evenly distributed throughout the patient's body, the elevated concentration is fixed in the liver and kidneys.
This drug is often prescribed if infection of the kidneys and liver is diagnosed. Duration of excretion from the human body - six hours with the normal functioning of the renal system. With dysfunction( full or partial), the half-life is much longer, so the therapeutic course requires adjusting the dosage and frequency of admission."Cephalexin" differs somewhat narrower spectrum of action in comparison with the components described above. Its main advantage is the ability to take orally.
"Amoxiclav"
This drug belongs to the number of penicillin antimicrobials of a combined type. Amoxicillin is an active ingredient, the effect of which is enhanced by claouvanic acid. For the first time the drug began to be used about fifty years ago, so a lot of experience in medical practice has been accumulated.
"Amoxiclav" costs from a hundred rubles and more, on sale is presented in several forms. There is a powder intended for the preparation of the suspension, there are easy-to-use tablets. Active components are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The weak side of the antibiotic in the preparation is the susceptibility to the negative effect of beta-lactamase produced by some microorganisms, but it is inhibited by acid, so that the antimicrobial component remains active.
Features of application of
"Amoxiclav" showed good results in various pathologies of the urinary tract and the reproductive system. It helps to eliminate infection, cystitis, pyelonephritis, block inflammatory processes."Amoxiclav" is effective against gonorrhea, vaginosis, sepsis, abscess. The drug is recommended for septic abortion, endometritis, chancroid.
During the therapeutic course, it is necessary to regularly check the functionality of the kidneys, liver, hematopoietic system. When observing a violation, an urgent dose adjustment is required. The remedy can be used during the gestation, since clinical trials have not shown effects on the baby.
Than to be treated?
It can not be said that any of these medicines is definitely better than the rest. The advantage of some is the spectrum of action, others are inexpensive, while others are considered qualitative and practically do not cause side effects. It is necessary to make a decision in favor of a specific option, after consultation with a doctor, and if it is not possible to purchase the recommended remedy, it should be clarified that it will work as an analogue. The doctor, evaluating the characteristics of a specific diagnosis, will be able to select a quality alternative, the use of which will give a positive result for the patient's health.