What is abstinence? Symptoms and Treatment of Syndrome

Abuse of alcohol, drug use and tobacco smoking causes withdrawal syndrome. This is a specific reaction of the body, manifested as a violation: psychological, somatic and neurological.

Specific manifestations occur as a result of refusal from alcohol, narcotic substances and nicotine. The state of abstinence is not critical, since there are certain methods that help to withstand a difficult period of withdrawal.

What is the abstinence of

? Many people who suffer from alcohol and nicotine addiction are interested in what abstinence is. This state is formed gradually and in different periods. This is a kind of mental and physical disorder after reducing the dosage of harmful substances or completely stopping their intake into the body.

Often this syndrome develops in addicts and alcoholics, but it also happens that dependence can also be produced as a result of prolonged use of psychotropic drugs or analgesics. The rate of development of this condition largely depends on the duration of intake of alcohol or drugs, age, sex, as well as the general condition of a person. It is much easier to abandon the use of harmful substances to smokers, and most difficult for drug addicts.

Causes of

It is important to know what abstinence is, and also for what reasons such a state arises. It is caused by prolonged consumption of alcohol or drugs in high dosages.

Alcoholics have a similar syndrome formed after about 1-2 years of constant consumption of alcohol. The fastest relationship appears in people taking heroin, cocaine. The slowest development of it occurs with the consumption of hashish. Very quickly there is a state of breakdown in the event of a withdrawal from their consumption: spices, hypnotics and stimulants.

The main signs of

What is abstinence and what are the symptoms of this condition, is interested in very many people who consume alcohol or drugs. Taking into account the severity of the course of this syndrome, 4 degrees are distinguished. Each subsequent indicates a deterioration in well-being, as well as a significant dependence on the intake of ethanol or complexity arising during the treatment.

When abstinence occurs, there are signs such as:

• attenuation;
• feeling uneasy;
• breaking.

Moderate abstinence has more severe symptoms, which is manifested in anxiety, insomnia, lack of appetite, increased heart rate and breathing. This condition can be very quickly diagnosed, confirming it by carrying out certain measurements.

More pronounced abstinence is manifested in the occurrence of hallucinations and changes in consciousness, sleep disturbance with terrible dreams. In addition, a person refuses to eat food. He has shortness of breath and very frequent pulse.

Symptoms of abstinence occurring in severe form are expressed in significant changes in the psyche, which manifests itself in the form of hallucinations, anxiety, aggressiveness, and inadequate response. In addition, there is a strong sense of fear, completely disturbed by appetite and sleep. There is a very strong tremor of hands, a strong sweating, convulsions, a frequent pulse, shortness of breath. In the case of incorrect or untimely treatment, there is a possibility of a lethal outcome.

How long it lasts

What is abstinence and how much it lasts, it is important to know everyone dependent on alcohol, smoking or drugs. It is very difficult to name a specific period, since this time largely depends on the duration of taking psychotropic drugs, as well as the individual characteristics of the organism.

Every person tries differently to get rid of this complex condition, however it is advisable to seek professional help from specialists. The duration of this syndrome in an easy degree is 1-5 days. Dependent people with experience experience painful conditions for several weeks or even months. Without proper treatment, the period of withdrawal can last much longer, and the consequences can be very dangerous.

Stages of abstinence syndrome

Doctors isolate the first and second stage of this condition. Pathological manifestations begin with minor disorders, which, without appropriate treatment, become more severe. It happens that the person immediately observed the last stages of the withdrawal syndrome.

At the first stage the patient can still struggle with the desire to take psychotropic drugs, therefore the period of withdrawal lasts for no more than 2 days. When the second degree passes, the disease progresses noticeably. The need to take a psychotropic drug significantly exceeds everything else. At this stage, there is a process of degradation of the individual.

The last stage is characterized by a very painful condition of the patient, who constantly lives by thinking only about getting the next dose. He is not able to sleep properly, and even it is difficult for him to move independently.

How to eliminate the withdrawal syndrome

This condition should not be confused with an ordinary hangover and poisoning the body. If a person needs to eliminate the symptoms of intoxication, then a more thorough and comprehensive treatment of abstinence is required. Therapy can not be carried out at home. The patient needs to be placed in a narcological dispensary, since he is not able to adequately perceive all that is happening. In this case, narcologists initially stop acute syndrome, and then conduct therapy, so that the patient subsequently abandoned the consumption of psychoactive substances.

Abstinence withdrawal is carried out with the help of medications, in particular such as:

• detoxification products;
• tranquilizers;
• antidepressants;
• antipsychotics;
• nonsteroidal preparations.

In addition, it is necessary to eliminate insomnia and anxiety. For this, nootropic medications are prescribed. Substitution therapy is performed with drugs connected to opium receptors.

Possible complications of

The most dangerous is an abstinence syndrome that develops during alcoholism, since this condition can be deadly. In this case, there may be edema of the brain and internal bleeding of the digestive organs. In some cases, there is an exacerbation of chronic diseases.

In addition, among the complications can be identified:

• the emergence of nightmares;
• hallucinations;
• insomnia;
• complete degradation of personality.

Prolonged mental disorders lead to the development of white fever. Often, its manifestations are threatening in nature and lead to suicide.