Periostitis: treatment and diagnosis
What is periostitis? Treatment and basic information about this disease will be presented below. Also you will learn about the reasons for this disease, how it manifests itself and is diagnosed. 
Basics
What is periostitis( diagnosis, treatment of this pathology will be discussed further)?In modern medicine, this term is used to refer to the inflammatory process that occurs in the periosteum of the bone.
As is known, the periosteum is a connective tissue in the form of a film that is located over the entire outer surface of the bone. Usually the inflammatory process begins in the inner or outer layers of the periosteum, after which it penetrates into its thickness.
Causes of development of
Why does periostitis develop? Treatment of this ailment should be started only after the cause of its occurrence is revealed. These include the following:
- Various injuries, including dislocations, bruises, fractures of the bones, stretching and tearing tendons, injuries.
- Inflammation of nearby tissues, which provoked infection of the periosteum.
- Specific causes - inflammation of the periosteum is due to diseases such as tuberculosis, actinomycosis, syphilis and others.
- Toxic causes are the effects of toxins on the periosteal tissue.
- Allergic or rheumatic causes - inflammation occurs due to the reaction of the periosteum tissue to allergens that have penetrated into it.
Signs of the disease
How is periostitis manifested, the treatment of which is described below? Symptoms of this disease depend on its type. Such a disease can be accompanied by a swelling in the site of inflammation with severe pain, an increase in local temperature, a violation of the supporting function, mobility of the skin over the lesion, increased pulse and respiration of the patient, loss of appetite, weakness, rapid fatigue and general oppression. 
What bones amaze?
The periostitis of the jaws, the photo of which you can find in this article, is an inflammatory process that occurs in the alveolar region of the lower jaw or process of the upper jaw.
Most often, this disease develops because of sick teeth, including undiagnosed or untreated pulpitis or periodontitis. Also, inflammation can be caused by infection in the periosteum from other organs along with the flow of lymph or blood.
If treatment of such a disease is not carried out on time, then periostitis will provoke fistula development on the gum. As a result of this purulent inflammation can go beyond the periosteum and get into the surrounding tissues, which will cause an abscess or phlegmon.
So how to cure periostitis of the jaw? The treatment of this illness is exactly the same as the treatment of other inflammations. It should be recalled that periostitis can affect such organs as:
- tooth;
- foot;
- shin;
- knee joint;
- stop;
- metatarsal bone;
- nose;
- eye socket and others.
Classification of the disease
How is periostitis classified? Treatment of this disease depends on its type and stage of development. In modern medicine, there are several types of the disease under consideration. They depend on the causes of their occurrence and the nature of the inflammatory processes.
- Exudative periostitis, which includes serous, serous-fibrinous, fibrinous and purulent types.
- Proliferative periostitis, which includes ossifying and fibrous species.
It should be noted that exudative periostitis occurs quickly and acutely, and proliferative - have a chronic nature.
Also considered a disease can be:
- simple;
- is tubercular;
- syphilitic;
- gummous and stuff.
Two different forms of this disease are distinguished according to the duration of the course:
- acute periostitis( treatment should be scheduled in time to prevent the process from passing to the chronic stage);
- chronic( difficult to treat).
Following involvement in the inflammation of microorganisms, the following types of periostitis are distinguished:
- Purulent( arise as a result of getting into the periosteum of infections).
- Aseptic( due to closed injuries of bones not protected by soft tissues).
Diagnosis
Treatment of purulent periostitis should be started only after its diagnosis. Its methods differ depending on the form of the course and the type of disease.
In case of acute illness, the examination and examination of the patient are effective. Another important aspect is the results of a general blood test. As for the X-ray study, in this case it is ineffective.
With the development of periostitis of the nose, rhinoscopy is often used.
Chronic periostitis is diagnosed by X-ray examination. With the help of the above picture, it is possible to identify not only the localization of the lesion focus, but also its boundaries, shape, size and nature of the layers. Also, this method helps to identify necrotic changes in bone tissue and the degree of penetration of the inflammatory process into it.
Differential diagnosis
This procedure is used only if it is required to establish an accurate diagnosis, since the patient has symptoms of several similar diseases.
In purulent and acute periostitis, it should be distinguished from acute osteomyelitis, periodontitis, phlegmon and abscesses caused by other causes, as well as from purulent diseases of lymph nodes, salivary glands and others.
For specific, aseptic and chronic periostitis, X-rays must be performed. It helps to identify growths and thickenings on the bone, as well as bone formation and necrotic changes. 
It should also be noted that differential diagnosis of chronic disease should be conducted in conjunction with the detection of malignant tumors and osteomyelitis.
If in the X-ray study there are serious difficulties with the diagnosis, then in this case, experts resort to a biopsy.
Periostitis: treatment with
Antibiotics do not always treat this illness.
In the case of a traumatic form of the disease, complete rest is an effective measure in the initial stage of development. Also used are various compresses with ice and physiotherapy, including UHF, ozokerite applications, electrophoresis, ultraviolet radiation. With this form of periostitis, antibiotic drugs are prescribed only if there is a suspected infection of the lesion.
Therapy for aseptic periostitis is performed with the use of physiotherapy. For this use of applications of permanent magnets, which reduce the amount of exudate. At the second stage of treatment, STP or laser therapy is used to restore the structure of the periosteum and resorption of its thickenings.
In purulent periostitis, surgical intervention is shown, during which the periosteum dissects, and the existing pus is extracted outward.
As for the acute form of periostitis, it requires not only an operation, but also the prescription of antibiotics, as well as general restorative medications, physiotherapeutic procedures and medicines that eliminate intoxication of the body. 
With the development of chronic periostitis, the patient is prescribed a course of medications fortifying and antibiotics. Also, in the treatment of this form of the disease, physiotherapy( laser therapy, paraffinotherapy, iontophoresis with 5% potassium iodide) is shown, which facilitates resorption of bone growths and pathological thickenings.
Prevention of disease
Is it possible to get rid of such a disease as periostitis? Treatment at home is not desirable. This is due to the fact that folk methods with such a pathology are ineffective, and a neglected disease can pose a serious threat to the life of the patient.
Prevention of inflammation of the periosteum is the timely removal of the causes that lead to the onset of the disease. For example, periostitis of the jaw or tooth can be prevented by timely treatment of pulpitis, caries and periodontitis.
Aseptic periostitis caused by tuberculosis, osteomyelitis or syphilis, can be prevented by therapy of the underlying disease.
Traumatic and posttraumatic types of this disease are prevented by immediate treatment of periosteal tissue damage by medication and physiotherapy procedures.
Prognosis for
The prognosis of periostitis depends on its shape and type, as well as on timely treatment.
Most often, patients manage to get rid of acute and traumatic types of the disease. 
With purulent periostitis, especially in advanced cases and untimely treatment, the forecast is unfavorable. In this case, complications such as inflammation of all bone tissues and the onset of sepsis can occur.