Artificial heart massage and artificial respiration: technique, rules and sequence

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Each of us is immune from the situation when a close person or just a passer-by gets an electric shock, a heat stroke that leads to a stoppage of breathing, and often to the cessation of the work of the heart. In such a situation, only a momentary reaction and assistance will depend on the life of a person. Already students should know what is artificial heart massage and artificial respiration, with which you can return the victim to life. Let's understand what kind of receptions and how to properly provide them.

Reasons for stopping breathing

Before deciding on first aid, you need to find out in what situations breathing may stop. The main causes of this condition include:

  • asphyxiation, which is a consequence of inhaling carbon monoxide or attempted suicide by hanging;
  • drowning;
  • electric shock;
  • severe cases of poisoning.

These reasons are most common in medical practice. But you can call others - in life, which just does not happen!

Why do you need artificial ventilation?

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Of all the organs of the human body, the brain most of all needs oxygen. Without it, after about 5-6 minutes, cell death begins, which will lead to irreversible consequences. artificial heart massage and artificial respiration

If first aid is not provided in a timely manner, artificial respiration and heart massage, then a person who returns to life can not be called a full-fledged person. The death of brain cells will subsequently lead to the fact that this body will no longer be able to work as before. A person can turn into an absolutely helpless creature that will require constant care. It is for this reason that the fast reaction of others who are ready to provide first aid to the victim is very important.

Features of resuscitation of adults

How to do artificial respiration and cardiac massage, are taught in the general education school in biology lessons. Only the majority of people are sure that they will never get into this situation, therefore they do not particularly understand the subtlety of carrying out such manipulations.

Once in this situation, many are lost, can not orient, and precious time goes away. Resuscitation of adults and children has its differences. And they are worth knowing. Here are some features of resuscitation in adults:

  • If the victim is still conscious and can speak, then it is necessary to ask what happened.
  • There are times when the victim refuses to provide assistance, for unknown reasons. Then, in the presence of life-threatening factors, you must call the police and call an ambulance. performing artificial respiration massage of the heart
  • If the victim does not react to you and is unconscious, then urgent need to start resuscitation.
  • If a person is listening to breathing, then it must be put on his side.
  • When assisting a pregnant woman, it should be turned to the left side, since the lower hollow vein passes through the right side, which can cause blood circulation to be broken when it is squeezed.

When all these factors are taken into account, it is possible to start resuscitation measures, if necessary.

Actions before artificial respiration

Quite often a person loses consciousness, but breathing persists. In such a situation it is necessary to take into account that in the unconscious state all the muscles of the body relax. This also applies to a language that under the action of gravity slides down and can close the larynx, which will lead to strangulation.

The first thing when you find a person unconscious, you need to take steps to ensure free air intake through the larynx. You can put a man on his side or throw his head back and slightly open his mouth, pressing down on the lower jaw. In this situation there is no danger that the tongue will completely block the larynx.

After this, it is necessary to check whether self-breathing has resumed. Almost all of the films or biology lessons know that for this it is enough to bring a mirror to your mouth or nose - if it gets fogged, then the person breathes. If there is no mirror, you can use the phone screen.

It is important to remember that while all these checks are carried out, the lower jaw needs to be held.

If the victim is not breathing due to drowning, strangulation by strings or foreign body entry, the foreign object should be urgently removed and the oral cavity, if necessary, should be cleaned.

If all procedures are carried out and breathing has not recovered, immediate respiration, cardiac massage, if it has stopped working, is necessary.

Rules for performing artificial respiration

If all the causes that caused respiratory arrest are eliminated, and it has not recovered, then urgently it is necessary to start resuscitation. Artificial respiration can be performed by different methods:

  • inhalation of air in the victim's mouth;
  • Inflammation in the nose.

The first method is most often used. Unfortunately, not everyone knows how to do artificial respiration and heart massage. The rules are fairly simple, you only need to observe them exactly:

  • immediately call an ambulance;The
  • of the injured person must be placed on his back, but underneath it there must be a solid surface;
  • open the patient's mouth and tilt his head slightly back;
  • clamp the victim's nose with two fingers;technique of heart massage and artificial respiration
  • typing in the lungs of air, you should breathe it into the mouth of the victim, tightly pressed to his lips;
  • should be injected strongly, but not abruptly, not by jerks, otherwise the diaphragm may not open, and air will enter the stomach, which can provoke vomiting;
  • the number of injections is 10-12 times per minute;
  • during the breaths it is necessary to follow the chest - it must rise;if it is not, then the air does not go there;
  • If even the victim begins to regain consciousness, then artificial ventilation should be continued: 1 inhalation for every 6 seconds until an ambulance arrives, or the person fully wakes up.

If the victim after all efforts does not come to his senses and begins to breathe on his own, then it is urgent to do closed heart massage and artificial respiration at the same time.

Respiration technology « mouth in nose »

This method of resuscitation is considered the most effective, as it reduces the risk of air ingress into the stomach. The procedure is as follows:

  • It is necessary to fix the head of the victim, holding one forehead, and the second - the chin.
  • The mouth must be tightly closed so that the blown air does not come out through it.
  • After a deep breath, it is necessary to blow air in the nose of the victim intensively.
  • It should be ensured that the chest rises, indicating correct execution. After a few breaths, you need to check if the pulse has appeared. closed heart massage and artificial respiration

Most often, if all the manipulations are performed correctly and in a timely manner, it is possible to return the victim to life.

The effect of cardiac muscle massage

Most often, artificial heart massage and artificial respiration combine with each other when providing first aid. Almost everyone represents how such manipulations are carried out, but that's what their meaning is, not everyone knows.

The heart in the human body is a pump that pumps blood vigorously and constantly, supplying oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues. When performing an indirect massage, pressure is applied to the chest, and the heart begins to contract and push the blood into the vessels. When the pressure stops, the myocardium cells are straightened, and the venous blood enters the atria.

Thus, the flow of blood through the body, which carries everything necessary for the brain, is carried out.

Algorithm for cardiac resuscitation

For cardiac resuscitation to be more effective, it is necessary to lay the victim on a hard surface. In addition, you will have to unbutton your shirt and other clothes. The belt on the trousers for men should also be removed.

Further it is necessary to define as precisely as possible the point on the chest on which pressure should be applied. There are two methods for this:

The
  • point is at the intersection of the interdosage line and the middle of the sternum;
  • must retreat from the xiphoid process on the chest to the thickness of two fingers to the head - this will be the right point.

After determining the desired pressure point, you can start resuscitation.

Technique of heart and respiratory massage

The sequence of actions during resuscitative manipulations should be as follows:

  • stand near the victim on your knees and take a stable position;
  • find the right point for pressure;
  • put your palms criss-crosswise on the sternum, connecting your fingers and straightening your elbows;rules for artificial respiration and indirect heart massage
  • perform 30 strong clicks, during which the chest should fall 4-5 centimeters;
  • after pressure it is necessary to make 2 breaths;
  • should be repeated in such a rhythm before the arrival of an ambulance, or until the victim shows signs of life.

It should be noted that performing artificial respiration and indirect heart massage requires a lot of effort, so it is advisable that there is someone else nearby who could change you and help you.

Features of helping children

Resuscitation measures in young children have their differences. The sequence of artificial respiration and heart massage in toddlers is the same, but there are some nuances:

  • it is necessary to start resuscitation with 5 breaths, since in children the cardiac arrest most often occurs as a result of cessation of breathing;
  • then followed the sequence of actions: 30 times to press on the chest and make two breaths;
  • should be pressed gently on one side, in nursing babies it should be done with two fingers. sequence of artificial respiration and cardiac massage
  • by inhaling, it is necessary to wrap your mouth around the mouth and nose of the baby;
  • if there are no assistants nearby, then call an ambulance should be 1 minute after the start of resuscitation.

Signs of effective care

Performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, you need to know the signs by which you can judge about its success. If artificial respiration and external cardiac massage are performed correctly, then most likely, after a while you will be able to observe the following symptoms:

  • the pupils' reaction to light appears;
  • skin becomes pinkish;
  • is felt for pulse on peripheral arteries;
  • the victim begins to breathe independently and regains consciousness.

If artificial heart massage and artificial respiration do not work within half an hour, the resuscitation is ineffective, and it must be stopped. It should be noted that the earlier cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been initiated, the more effective it will be in the absence of contraindications.

Contraindications to resuscitation

Artificial heart massage and artificial respiration set a goal to return a person to a full life, and not just to delay the time of death. Therefore, there are situations when carrying out such resuscitation is meaningless:

  • if cardiac arrest has become a natural end of a long and severe disease;
  • extreme degree of cardiac failure;
  • renal, hepatic, or respiratory failure;
  • signs of the hopelessness of resuscitation;
  • presence of visible damages that are not compatible with life;
  • signs of biological death, which usually begin to appear after 1-3 hours, depending on the air temperature. first aid artificial respiration and heart massage

The rules of artificial respiration and indirect heart massage suggest that resuscitation is started immediately, after the detection of cardiac arrest. Only in this case, if there are no contraindications, one can hope that a person will return to a full life.

Tips for saving

We figured out how to do artificial respiration and heart massage. The rules are fairly simple and understandable. Do not be afraid that you will not succeed. Here are some tips to help save a person's life:

  • If you can not get something with artificial respiration, then you can and should continue to do heart massage.
  • In most adults, breathing stops due to discontinuation of the myocardium, so massage is more important than artificial respiration.
  • Do not worry that you will break the affected rib as a result of excessive pressure. Such a trauma is not fatal, but a person's life will be saved.

Such skills each of us may need at the most unexpected moment, and it is very important in such a situation not to get lost and do everything possible, because life depends on the correctness and timeliness of actions.