Antelistesis L5 vertebra - what is it?

Pathologies in the structure of the spine of any genesis are a serious problem. They can cause irreversible complications for human health. Antelisthesis L5 of the vertebra is no exception, since untimely intervention during the course of the disease can have fatal consequences, up to a lethal outcome.

Description of the disease

The pathology consists in changing the location of the vertebra, which extends forward relative to the rest. The consequence of this displacement are strong nerve clamps and pain syndrome, especially noticeable during intense physical exertion.

The greatest danger in this is the lumbar localization of the disease, namely in vertebrae L4 and L5, located directly near the sacrum. In the vertical position, the lumbar spine undergoes the greatest load in comparison with the rest. So, let's see what it is - anthylosis L5 vertebra.

Features of the disease

This pathology of the lumbar region in most cases occurs in the elderly and women. Its development occurs against the background of the existing hyperlordosis, in which the natural bending of the spine is strongly protruded. Detection of the disease is performed by a specialist at the examination, with the concomitant antisteezu

pathology often becomes osteochondrosis. The latter is a very common disease, affects the lumbar and cervical divisions and in one form or another occurs in almost every person. Numerous studies have shown that the location of the vertebra with an inward orientation increases the risk of displacement. L5 the vertebra can move no more than 6 mm, which is due to its fixation to the wings of the ileum and the first sacral vertebrae ligaments.

Quite often, this ailment is mistaken for spondylolisthesis. However, these are completely different diseases. Antelisthesis L5 of the vertebra involves the displacement of only the vertebral body. In the case of spondylolisthesis, not only the body but also the arches are subjected to displacement, that is, the entire structure of the vertebra moves from place to place. Such pathology is peculiar to localize in the departments of the spine, which are distinguished by great mobility due to the presence of a developed apparatus of ligaments.

Causes and types of

In most cases, the posttraumatic complication leads to the development of antheltosis l5 1 degree in the lumbar and cervical spine. Another prerequisite for his appearance is weight lifting, too sharp movement not only in the neck, but also in any other department of the spine, as well as static pressure on the dorsal region. In addition, pathology can cause cancer neoplasms and other degenerative pathologies. But a person with a strong health can face this disease due to certain prerequisites, for example:

• Congenital immaturity of the ligamentous structure.
• Inflammatory processes in the spine, which result in swelling and enlargement of the joint capsule.
• Muscle spasm, which results in displacement of the vertebrae.

The reasons why l5 vertebral antelisthesis develops play a decisive role in determining the form of the pathology:

• Congenital. It manifests itself in both childhood and adulthood.
• Traumatic, accompanied by the relevant factors. In an isthmic type, the trauma was inflicted in childhood or adolescence, which led to an abnormal growth of connective tissue.
• Degenerative anthylosis. Most often, lumbar or cervical spine is affected in elderly people. It develops as a consequence of age-related changes in the body in the aging process. The most common among women.
• Pathological. It occurs against the background of an oncological neoplasm, and it does not matter whether it is benign or malignant. Infectious diseases also relate to the causes of development of this type of antelisthesis.
• Iatrogenic. Occurs as a complication after a surgical intervention on the spine.

Symptoms of

What signs of the disease will manifest, and with what intensity, directly depends on the degree of protrusion of the vertebra. To determine this factor, a special classification was developed:

• Antelisthesis l5 vertebra 1 degree - displacement in relation to the vertebral axis by no more than 24%.
• The second degree is the displacement from 25 to 49%.
• The third degree is characterized by an offset of 50 to 74%.
• Fourth degree means a shift of more than 75%.

The first two degrees occur with minimal manifestation of symptoms. As a rule, they are accompanied by discomfort, pain syndrome with a change in the position of the body or intensive physical activity. At the third and fourth degree of antelisthesis of the L5 body of the vertebrae, the symptoms are much more pronounced, they are more pronounced, which is associated with a strong constriction of the nerves, which impair the conductivity of the impulses. In the lumbar region of the spine are nerves that provide innervation of the lower extremities, and they suffer in the first place. There is paralysis and paresis of the legs, loss of sensation, gradual muscle atrophy. Pathological changes are made to the organs of the small pelvis and gastrointestinal tract, as there is a malfunction in the urethra and defecation system. The pain syndrome acquires intensity and sharpness, giving to the leg area.

Conservative treatment of

At the first manifestations of antelisthesis l5 of the vertebra, conservative therapy is performed. In more advanced cases, the only method of treatment is surgery. Conservative methods of therapy suggest taking anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs.

The patient must strictly observe bed rest and wear special bandages and corsets that will help fix the back in the right position to avoid further displacement of the vertebrae.

Physiotherapy

As for physical procedures, electrophoresis with novocaine is most often prescribed. In addition, special compresses and various ointments for external use are used. After the inflammation is removed, physiotherapy can be selected individually, which aims to strengthen the ligaments and muscles. In order to maximize the effect obtained from the therapy, blockades are sometimes carried out with the help of anesthetics and local anti-inflammatory drugs. To restore and strengthen damaged vertebral cartilages, chondroprotectors are used. The duration of their intake should not exceed several months.

Operative intervention

With the third and fourth degree of development of anthylogenesis of the L5 body of the vertebra, as mentioned above, conservative therapy does not work. The only way out is the operation. If the shift is close to the third degree, but has not yet reached it, a correction can be assigned, but only a highly qualified specialist should conduct it.

Completely eliminate the pathology possible only if it was not started before the critical changes in the spine. The operation for the elimination of antelisthesis is called spondylodesis. Its essence consists in the installation of a special metal structure, which allows you to fix the displaced spine in the correct position.

Types of spinal fusion

There are two types of spondylodesis. In the first version, the design is installed in the area of ​​the sacrum with the help of a staple. The second method involves the installation of metal structures on the rear surface. As with any surgical intervention, a spondylodease involves the observance of a rehabilitation period. Bed rest should be observed up to two months after the operation. After this, a gradual load on the back is given. During the year after the operation, it is necessary to wear a corset that will relieve the load from the spine. Therapeutic gymnastics is also an integral part of the postoperative period. The exercises are selected individually, depending on the severity of the ailment and the condition of the patient after the operation.

Conclusion

Anthelide l5 s1 is a very serious and dangerous disease that must be treated as soon as possible. It is impossible to start pathology, since it is better to manage conservative methods of treatment without resorting to surgery. The launched form of the disease is treated only operatively, but even a correctly performed operation does not guarantee a 100% cure.