Cancer of the cecum: symptoms, causes, stages

Cancer of the cecum is an oncological disease that occurs in 11% of people. Tissues of a benign character often appear in this part of the intestine, and sometimes they are transformed into malignant ones.

Reasons for

Currently, doctors have not yet studied the cancer of the cecum to the end, so only approximate reasons are known.

These include:

• Neoplasms of benign and malignant nature.
• Diseases of the digestive system( polyps, colitis ulcerative and others).
• Nutrition with the consumption of animal fats and refined carbohydrates in large quantities.
• Hypodynamia.
• Heredity.
• Age over 48 years.
• Smoking of tobacco products.
• Presence of papillomas of type 16.
• Frequent use of alcohol.
• Constant emotional overstrain.
• Long-term use of medicines.
• Work on production using harmful elements.
• Metabolic processes that occur in the body in the presence of excess weight and diabetes.

Unbalanced food, which does not contain enough vegetables and cereals, greatly overloads the digestive tract. If the human body does not receive the required amount of fiber, then the process of fermentation begins. Because of this, the process of developing carcinogenic elements, which cause great harm to health, is launched.

Harmful habits disrupt normal blood circulation and knock down the operation of the vascular system.

A sedentary lifestyle leads to stagnation and a constant accumulation of feces. This disrupts the work of the intestine and reduces the absorption of useful elements by the walls of the bowels.

Hereditary factor increases the risk of disease occurrence by approximately 34%.

Symptoms of

Signs of cancer of the caecum:

• Blood and mucus in the stool.
• Discomfort and pain in the area of ​​the stomach, which can be given to the right side.
• Constant weakness.
• Fast fatigue.
• Decreased appetite.
• Congestion stool.
• The smell of stool becomes strong and unpleasant.
• The mode of visiting the toilet is confusing.
• Appearance of bleeding.
• Strong weight loss.
• Increase in body temperature.
• Pill.
• Bloating.
• Painful sensations in the lower abdomen.

Disease of the cancer of the cecum, the symptoms of which are described above, it is difficult not to notice. If even one symptom appears, you need to see a doctor.

In the photo you can see the cecum.

Stages of the disease

Doctors excrete 5 stages of cancer of the cecum.

• Zero stage. The tumor has a small size. Only the upper layers of the walls of the large intestine are affected. Lymph nodes are not affected, metastasis is absent.

• The first stage. The tumor penetrated into the second and third layer of the walls of the large intestine. Lymph nodes are not affected, distant metastases are not diagnosed.

• The second stage. Tumor formation damages the entire wall of the large intestine and penetrates the other side. Lymph nodes are not affected, metastasis is absent.

• Third stage. Malignant formation damages adjacent organs and tissues. Lymph node damage is recorded, and no metastases are detected.

• Cancer of the cecum of the 4th stage. Tissues and organs are affected by education. Lymph nodes are damaged, there are metastases.

Classification of the disease

Histological classification subdivides cecal cancer into the following types:

• Adenocarcinomas.
• Cericoid.
• Undifferentiated.
• Not classified.
• Squamous cell.
• Ploskokletochno-ferruginous.

An oncologist doctor treats cancer of the cecum.

Diagnosis of the disease

Doctors detect cancer of the cecum in various ways.

First of all they produce palpation, auscultation and percussion. These methods allow you to determine the location of the tumor, its condition, the presence of fluid in the cavity( abdominal) and the presence of noises that occur with a difficult patency of the intestinal tract.

Secondarily, rheumatoscopy, irrigoscopy and colonoscopy are used. So, doctors conduct a visual examination, specify the size of the tumor and its location.

In the third place, ultrasound and CT are prescribed. They allow us to evaluate the spread of the tumor.

Only after carrying out all the procedures the doctors will be able to see the full picture of the disease. By results they will put the exact diagnosis.

Treatment of

disease After doctors confirm the diagnosis of cecal cancer, treatment is started immediately.

There are three main methods of therapy.

1. Operating method( surgical).It is the main type of treatment that is used at any stage of the disease. During the operation, the formation of a malignant type is removed with the application of anastomosis. The vastness of the surgical method depends on how the disease spread.
2. Method of radiation therapy. It is used before surgery to reduce the tumor tissue. Also, after surgery, it helps to prevent re-development. This method has side effects, they arise in the form of dilution of the stool, nausea, vomiting and the appearance in the stool of blood and mucus.
3. Method of chemotherapy. This method is used as a monotherapy, and also in combination with the use of several drugs. These include drugs: "Fluorouracil" and calcium folinate or "fluorouracil" and "mitomycin."

Sometimes doctors impose a bypass anastomosis. It is used when there is no possibility to remove the tumor in the area of ​​unaffected tissues. Anastomosis is used mainly in the last stages of the disease. The volume of surgical intervention increases when the formation of a malignant form extends to nearby tissues and organs. It is also used for lymph node involvement.

Forecast

If the treatment was carried out at the zero stage and was successful, then the predicted survival rate for doctors is 95%.Because of mild symptoms, the disease can not be diagnosed immediately.

When treatment is performed in the first stage, the prognosis is 91%.This is due to the fact that cancer cells affect the second and third layers of the intestine.

If treatment was performed in the second stage, the survival rate varies from 70 to 82%.It depends on how deep the tumor has grown into the adjacent tissues.

Treatment in the third stage guarantees the patient's survival in only 42-63%.These indicators depend on how badly the organs are damaged near the tumor and whether the lymph nodes are affected.

Therapy at the last( fourth) stage guarantees survival in only 6-10% for 6-7 years after therapy.

These figures are obtained during the study.

Prevention

In order to prevent disease, you need to observe a few simple rules:

• Avoid stressful situations.
• Eat well.
• Get rid of bad habits.
• Move more and do sports.
• Keep track of your health.

If you have a hereditary factor, then visit the doctor regularly and take tests. So, when there is such a disease as cancer of the cecum, stage one or zero gives a significant chance for a full-fledged further life provided timely treatment.

If you have found signs of cancer of the cecum, then consult a doctor immediately. So, with the confirmation of the diagnosis, you can start treatment, and you will have a better chance of recovery.