The appearance of a child in the world is happiness for all parents, who are expected for nine months. During pregnancy the woman periodically goes to the examination to the gynecologist, gives additional tests. All this is necessary in order to be sure of the full development of the fetus inside the womb. Unfortunately, some pathologies begin to manifest almost immediately after childbirth. These include breath-breathing. What it is?
General information
Newborn babies sleep so quietly that it seems to some moms that they do not breathe at all. Justified anxiety of parents causes noisy breathing. This condition is most often a sign of a congenital stridor. This is a pathology in which narrowing of the respiratory tract is observed. In some cases, it poses a serious danger to the life of the child.
Stridor, or stridoroznoe breath, is a pathological noisy respiration caused by congenital disorders in the structure of the larynx or trachea. Usually it is worse when coughing or crying. Treatment of congenital stridor, caused by causes of a functional nature, is usually not required. As the cartilage of the larynx grows, the pathology disappears. If it is associated with organic factors, serious surgical intervention may be required.
We note that this problem is diagnosed mainly in newborn children. Stridoroznoe breath in adults is extremely rare.
Causes of
In newborn infants, the cartilage is very soft. With this pathology, they are so elastic that they look like plasticine. During the next inhalation, the cartilage is joined, a vibration occurs. This is due to the fact that in the bronchi there is a negative pressure. Such phenomena usually pass. The pharynx gradually expands, the cartilage becomes firmer, and noisy breathing disappears.
For a kid who only recently appeared, absolutely all the processes are new. In this matter, breathing is no exception. Since the body has not yet had time to adapt to life outside the womb, the central nerves lead to a slight stress during each inspiration. When the voice gap closes, air breaks through it with a whistle. Such a picture is usually observed in children with increased nervous-reflex excitability.
Stridoroznoe respiration occurs with congenital weakness of muscles in the area of the glottis. Such an anomaly can not be prevented. It is necessary just to have patience and wait this period. Breathing is normalized by the time the child reaches the age of one and a half years.
In some cases, the cause of the development of pathology is the cyst of the larynx. Stridor occurs with the growth of education in the lumen of the respiratory tract. Cysts can be single or multiple in nature. If the formation appears only on the vocal folds, the pathology manifests itself hoarseness.
If a newborn needs intubation, there is always a certain risk that it will not pass without consequences. Stridoroznoe breath after extubation is diagnosed very often. In this case, it is necessary to follow clearly all the prescriptions of the doctor during the rehabilitation, in order to reduce the manifestation of the characteristic symptoms of the problem.
Symptoms of congenital stridor
Stridoroznoe respiration in the baby appears shortly after birth and is markedly amplified in the first weeks of his life. Parents pay attention to a loud sound audible in the distance, which occurs every time a jet of air through the narrowed larynx breaks through. Noise can be hissing or whistling, sonorous and deaf, like the cooing of pigeons. During sleep or when the child is at rest, his intensity usually decreases, and when coughing or crying, it increases.
With effective treatment and following the prescription of the doctor, as a rule, children with this pathology normally grow and live a full life.
Stages of development of pathology
Depending on the degree of disturbances, the stridor breathing in children is divided into four main stages.
- Compensated .Usually does not require serious treatment, the body independently normalizes its work.
- Borderline compensated. It is necessary to constantly monitor a specialist.
- Decompensated .Mandatory treatment is required.
- The fourth stage is almost incompatible with life. In this case, the child needs instant resuscitation and the help of surgeons.
Diagnosis: How to determine the short-wind breath?
The causes of the development of this pathology can be identified only after the child is examined by a pediatrician, pulmonologist and neurologist. During the diagnostic activities, the doctors assess the general condition of the newborn, heart rate, color of the skin, the involvement of the muscles directly in the act of breathing.
Mikrolaringoscopy is mandatory. Additionally, chest x-ray, CT, ultrasound of the larynx, bronchography can be prescribed.
If a congenital goiter is suspected, an examination of the endocrinologist is necessary. In this case, ultrasound is usually prescribed shchitovidki, as well as a number of tests for the hormones TTG, T4 and T3.
Acute attack of stridor. What should parents do?
As already mentioned above, in most cases, pathology proceeds without serious complications, which allows the child to grow and develop fully. However, sometimes there are sharp attacks of the stridor. They can be caused by diseases of an infectious nature or inflammatory processes. Usually, the stridor breathing of the baby is accompanied only by a characteristic sound. During a pneumonia or a bronchitis the clinical picture sharply worsens. The baby has shortness of breath, the condition is aggravated by constant crying. What should parents do?
First of all, you should try to calm the baby. It is necessary to call a team of medical workers. At this time, you can ventilate the child's room, because the cold air somewhat reduces the swelling of the respiratory tract.
Stridoroznoe respiration: treatment and prevention
Pathology in the compensated and borderline-compensated stage of development usually does not require serious treatment. In most cases, the symptoms of the pathology are reduced to six months of life, and by two years they are completely gone. Specialists recommend only regular supervision with an otolaryngologist.
In some cases, surgical intervention is required. There are several possible solutions to this problem: laser application to the epiglottis of incisions, dissection of cherpalodnagortan folds or removal of part of the arytenoid cartilages. During acute attacks, immediate hospitalization is recommended. In the hospital, newborns with a diagnosis of "stridorous respiration" are prescribed treatment with hormonal drugs, bronchodilators. When developing a critical condition, tracheotomy is recommended.
Prognosis and prevention of complications
As the child grows, the cartilages in the larynx become harder, and the lumen is wider, so the stridor can regress without medical assistance to 2-3 years. At this time, parents should take care of the prevention of all sorts of diseases, provide the baby with adequate nutrition, create the most favorable psychological environment. It is very important that the child breathes well-moistened air, long walks on the street are useful. If the wind-breathing breathing has appeared due to organic causes, their timely elimination is required. When joining the pathology of respiratory infection and the development of respiratory failure in most cases, the forecast is not the most favorable.
Useful tips for parents
- First of all, parents are recommended to remember all the accompanying pathology symptoms. This will help in the future the doctor to see the full clinical picture and take the necessary measures for treatment.
- Do not delay the visit to a specialist. The sooner you find out the cause that caused the breath of the newborn, the sooner you calm down and proceed to the necessary actions.
- As a rule, doctors advise in such a situation to wait for a while, until the child grows up. The thing is that serious treatment is not always required.
- After confirming the final diagnosis, parents should ensure that the child does not catch cold, fully fed. Such simple methods can improve immunity.
- The most important thing is that you do not need to panic, because parents' anxiety is passed on to the child.
Stridoroznoe respiration is typical for many pathological conditions. Do not ignore this problem, it is better to find out the cause of its occurrence in a timely manner, and then go through a course of treatment.
We hope that the information presented in this article will be really useful for you. Be healthy!