Insulin-isophane: instructions for use, analogues

Diabetes mellitus is a serious disease, which, unfortunately, it is impossible to get rid of completely. As we know, against the backdrop of an ailment there is a violation of hormonal secretion in the tissues of the pancreas. And quite often the patients are prescribed synthetic insulin "Isofan".This substance controls the level of sugar in the blood, ensuring the normal operation of the entire body.

Of course, patients are interested in any additional information about the drug. How does the semisynthetic insulin "Isofan" affect the body? Instruction, contraindications, possible complications on the background of therapy are important points, which will be considered in the article.

Form

It's no secret that diabetes is a common and dangerous disease that requires the use of various medications, including insulin."Isofan" is the trade name of the drug, which is a ready-made mixture of semisynthetic hormones. A drug is produced in the form of a solution for subcutaneous administration. The drug is sold in glass bottles in a volume of 10 ml with a dosage of 40 U / ml. To prepare the solution, purified water for injection is used.

If other drugs with the same composition and properties as insulin "Isofan".Its synonyms are Insuman, Protafan and Khimulin. It should immediately be said that such drugs are only available on prescription or issued by an endocrinologist.

What are the properties of the drug?

Insulin "Isofan" is a semisynthetic hormone that has the same properties as the substance produced by the human pancreas. The drug reduces the amount of glucose in the blood by increasing the processes of lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis.

Synthetic hormone interacts with insulin-dependent receptors of cell membranes, activating metabolic processes within the cell. After taking the drug, activation of the synthesis of certain enzymes, including glycogen synthases, pyruvate kinase and hexokinase, is observed.

The effect can be observed after 1-1.5 hours after the administration of the solution. Depending on the dose and characteristics of the patient's body, the maximum activity of synthetic insulin is observed after 4-12 hours after administration. The effect lasts from 11 to 24 hours.

The main indications for the use of

The preparation "Insulin-Isofan" is used for diabetes mellitus of the second type( insulin-dependent form).It is also used for temporary insulin therapy. Sometimes such treatment is required for type 1 diabetes. For example, the administration of a solution is recommended to patients in cases when the hypoglycemic preparations do not give the desired effect.

The introduction of human insulin is required after some surgical interventions. This drug is also used in gestational diabetes mellitus( this form of the disease develops in women during pregnancy).Introduction of insulin to future mothers is recommended in the event that diet therapy does not have the desired effect.

Semisynthetic insulin "Isofan": instructions for use

In patients with type 2 diabetes, patients require lifelong therapy. The dose, daily amount, schedule of administration - all this is determined by the treating endocrinologist. It is important to follow all the instructions of the specialist. There are some general rules for using the medicine "Insulin-Isofan".

• The solution is intended solely for subcutaneous administration. In rare cases, the doctor may recommend injecting the medicine intramuscularly. Intravenous injection is prohibited.
• The drug can not be administered in the same place.
• First you need to shake the vial a few times, then dial into the syringe the required amount of solution( the dose is selected individually).
• Injection should be performed immediately after filling the syringe.

Vials with a solution are stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2-8 degrees Celsius. Before the introduction of the medicine, it is necessary to measure the level of glucose in the blood. In no case should you use the drug if you notice a cloudy solution, the formation of sediment on the walls of the bottle.

Are there any contraindications?

The drug has some contraindications - these data contain instructions for use."Insulin-Isofan" is not prescribed for patients with hypoglycemia. Contraindications include insulinoma, as well as hypersensitivity to the constituent components of the drug. It is worth noting that sometimes even changing the injection site can lead to an allergic reaction and the appearance of other side effects.

Possible side effects of

This drug is needed in patients with insulin-dependent forms of diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, therapy is associated with some complications. What violations can lead to the use of the drug "Isofan-Insulin"?The instruction contains the following information:

• To the list of the most frequent disorders it is possible to attribute allergic reactions, which are accompanied by the appearance of rashes and urticaria, a sharp drop in arterial pressure, an increase in body temperature and the appearance of edema.
• A dangerous consequence of insulin therapy is hypoglycemia - a condition characterized by a decrease in blood sugar levels. Symptoms include pallor of skin, palpitations, anxiety, sleep problems, a constant feeling of hunger. Such a violation is usually associated with an incorrect dosage or failure to comply with the prescription of the doctor. In the most severe cases, hypoglycemic coma develops.
• The onset of treatment in some patients is associated with visual impairment. It is not worth worrying about this, since in most cases such side effects go by themselves.
• To the list of possible complications it is possible to attribute immunological reactions, which also pass as the organism adapts to this form of insulin.
• At the beginning of taking the drug, skin reactions are possible, including redness and itching. They also pass by themselves.
• Introduction of too large doses of the drug is fraught with mental disorders. There is increased irritability, anxiety, changes in behavior, development of depression.

It is worthwhile to understand that insulin "Isofan" is needed according to the schedule, compiled by the doctor. Injection skipping is accompanied by the development of diabetic acidosis.

Insulin "Isofan": analogues

In modern medicine, synthetic human insulins( short and average term of action), analogues of the human hormone, as well as mixtures, are used to control the level of glucose. Of course, the pharmaceutical market offers a lot of drugs that help temporarily eliminate the symptoms of diabetes.

To the list of analogs, you can include such drugs as "Actrafan", "Biogulin", "Diafan".In some cases, patients are recommended to take preparations of Protafan, Humodar, Pensulin. Insulin "Bazal" and "Ferein" are also considered good. It is necessary to understand that hormones are serious drugs, and you can not use them yourself in any case. Only a doctor can choose an analogue and determine the dose. For example, the presence of at least one additive in a solution in some patients can cause a massive allergic reaction up to anaphylactic shock.

Information on interactions with other medications

Before starting therapy, be sure to inform your doctor about the medications you are taking. The action of synthetic insulin is enhanced by simultaneous administration with sulfonamides, adrogens and anabolic steroids, MAO inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The hypoglycemic effect is more pronounced on the background of simultaneous use of the drug "Isofan" with ketoconazole, cyclophosphamide, quinine, chloroquine, quinidine, drugs containing lithium. By the way, against the background of therapy is not recommended to drink alcohol, since ethanol enhances the effect of synthetic insulin.

Estrogens, oral concerceptives, glucagon, heparin, thyroid hormones weaken the action of the drug. The same can be said about nicotine, marijuana, morphine, some diuretics( in particular, thiazide and loop), tricyclic antidepressants.

In any case, it should be understood that without the knowledge of the doctor, you can not change the dose or schedule of insulin intake. The appearance of impairments and adverse reactions should immediately be reported to the treating endocrinologist.