Chronic eczema: causes, symptoms and treatment
This dermatological disease, like chronic eczema, can be found in almost ten percent of the world's population. Let's consider it in more detail in this article.
Description of the disease
At the initial stage, an insignificant inflammatory process occurs on the surface of the skin, which, if ignored, takes on a chronic form. Although this disease is not contagious( except for chronic microbial eczema), many people start to shun the patient, especially when the exposed parts of the epidermis are affected.
In addition, the chronic form of the disease can provoke an incorrectly selected method of acute treatment, when the symptoms of eczema are pronounced. Also, most patients make a huge mistake when they stop using medications immediately after disappearing from the surface of the epidermis signs of the disease.
It should be noted that acute and chronic eczema are closely interrelated. A significant role is played by the maintenance of certain hygiene rules, which are recommended by specialists during treatment of acute form, and special dietary regimens. Since ignoring this seemingly disappeared disease can return, but already in a chronic form.
What can provoke?
Eczema is classified as poly-therapeutic disease. It can provoke both external and internal factors. Very often they are combined with each other.
Throughout life, any person can be exposed to the risk of this disease more than once, but this is possible only under certain conditions, when the development of the disease does not interfere, and the situation only contributes to this. In the first place, a large and, perhaps, the most important role is played by diseases of the nervous and endocrine systems.
If you rely on the theory of neurogenic pathogenesis, then nervous and psychological diseases, as well as stress and disruption of the functioning of the brain can reflexively cause the reaction of the epidermis. There are a number of disorders, which are defined as skin neurosis. It should be noted that in the presence of pathologies on the internal organs this disease can also manifest itself. This happens when the skin becomes particularly sensitive. Then any external negative factor contributes to a faster occurrence of eczema.
The second of the main causes when chronic eczema occurs is a greater sensitivity to allergens of all kinds. This happens after the body has become accustomed to the action of a substance for a long time, and as a result, with the slightest changes, the immune system perceives another substance as an alien body and expresses it by an allergic reaction. The causes of the appearance of
Why does chronic eczema occur? The reasons for its appearance are different. These include:
- stress, neurosis, a psychological illness;
- disruption of the endocrine system, especially during pregnancy or menopause;
- disease in the digestive system, as well as with imbalance of intestinal microflora.
Chronic eczema also occurs when:
- a malfunction of the urinary system, as well as of the kidneys;
- skin lesions of a microbial nature;
- the presence of fungal infections;
- helminthic invasion;
- influences the epidermis of external factors, such as artificial resins, metals, household chemicals and much more;
- exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, dust, wool;
- deficiency in the body of proteins and vitamins belonging to group B( this disease often occurs during fasting);
- the presence of any chronic diseases of an infectious nature;
- use of certain pharmaceutical preparations.
All these reasons provoke changes on the skin. The latter at the initial stages are almost invisible. With the further development of the disease, when the "chronic eczema" is already diagnosed, the above-described reasons only contribute to inflammatory processes and disorders in the immune system, which can not already fight the disease.
Very often, this disease can be found in the hands of people with such professions as a cleaner, builder, handyman, medic. At them the skin constantly is under influence of any substance, as a result negatively reflected on a status of an integument.
Closure type
Chronic eczema is divided into two types:
- wetting;
- is dry.
The first type proceeds quite heavily and is present mainly on the upper limbs. Chronic eczema of the hands is characterized by the appearance of erosions, in which there is exudate - a purulent fluid. When the pus comes out, after drying it forms peeling in the form of a crust, but at the same time the inflammatory process underneath it continues to develop.
Dry eczema
The second type of disease is characterized by keratinization and cutaneous thickening.
In addition, there are several subspecies of this disease, which differ in that they are caused by various factors:
- Atopic, or idiopathic - it is mainly observed on the skin of the child. It flows heavily and can affect any part of the epidermis.
- Sycosiform eczema - its development is facilitated by the inflammatory processes of the hair follicles.
- Varicose - observed on the lower limbs in the presence of varicose veins.
- Dyshidrotic - it can be seen on the soles of the feet or palms. Determined by peeling large plates. The main provocateur of this type is sweat. When rash it is possible not only itching, but also painful sensations. Such an eczema is very difficult to cure.
- Corneal, or tylotic, - like the previous form, is observed only on the palms and feet. In this case, the cornification of the skin occurs, which is accompanied by severe itching.
- Occupational eczema occurs in people who are constantly in contact with various chemicals in the workplace, as soon as it stops, the symptoms disappear.
- Chronic microbial eczema is characterized by the fact that inflammatory processes occur as a result of bacterial infection. Such a disease can occur around skin lesions, such as abrasions and wounds. When it proceeds, a purulent crust appears.
- Allergic eczema occurs due to an allergen that causes the onset of the disease.
In some cases, eczema may include seborrheic dermatitis. Since all his signs and symptoms, he is very close to this disease.
Particular attention is paid to the onset of the disease in children. Although it is called diathesis, caused by the intake of food, but in some cases it does not pass and takes the form of atopic eczema.
Where is it manifested?
Chronic eczema is most common in the arms, face, neck, forearms. In more rare cases, the foot, shin, head and chest can be affected. The diagnosis of the disease is not difficult to determine - it is enough to consult a specialist who will carefully examine the patient and prescribe the necessary treatment in his case.
Mortars and decoctions of
When a wet form of the disease with a lot of erosions is observed, bandages impregnated with astringent and antiseptic solution are prescribed. In this case it is ascribed:
- "Tanin";
- boric acid;
- "Rivanol".
In addition, it is allowed to use infusions and decoctions from medicinal plants, such as:
- plantain;
- mother-and-stepmother;
- chamomile;
- sage.
Treatment of
If only an acute form of eczema, then ointments containing glucocorticosteroid are used. For the neck and face, preparations are recommended less concentrated than for other parts of the body. Steroid drugs are prescribed for a short time. Since with their long use can have negative consequences in the form of cutaneous atrophy, fungal infections, as well as other equally serious side effects.
When chronic eczema is observed, stop treatment is as follows: at the beginning of the course, a special ointment is applied to the film for a few days, which is attached to the affected area and left for a couple of hours or for a whole night. So the medicine is better absorbed through the horny covering. In some cases, special funds are prescribed to not only soften, but also contribute to the removal of layers.
When chronic eczema occurs due to fungal or bacterial infection, antimycotic and antibacterial ointments are prescribed.
To avoid during the treatment of the use of hormonal drugs, special drugs are prescribed, the action of which is aimed at improving the work of the immune system. After the inflammatory processes have significantly decreased, for the sake of efficiency, even ointments are prescribed that nourish and moisturize the skin.
Eczema brushes. Treatment
For patients who have chronic eczema brushes, individual treatment is necessary. Since the result does not depend on the removal of the source of the disease, but on the body itself and its perception of medications. Also, the lifestyle of the patient plays a significant role.
Basically, such remedies are recommended:
- antihistamine preparations that inhibit the effect of the pathogen on the body;
- sedative preparations;
- vitamins A, B, C, PP.
Also mandatory means that are applied externally:
- solution of "Tannin" or "Resorcinol" for lotions;
- hormonal cream "Acriderm" or "Triderm";
- for the elimination of itching recommend the following means: "Gestan", "Fenistil", dermatolovoy, boron-naphthalan, tar tar;
- oil suspension, which includes norsulfazole.
Recommendations for the treatment of eczema brushes
When diagnosed with chronic eczema of the hands, the treatment consists not only in the use of medicines, but also in the implementation of such recommendations:
- first of all to regulate the day regimen, including mandatory outdoor walks;
- not only reduce water procedures, but at the same time replace the daily remedy, which was used before, with a softer one;
- should try to avoid any contact with household chemical products;
- , try not to get a lot of sunlight on your hands, but in some cases, on the contrary, you need a light tan and ultraviolet light.
Diet in the treatment of
In addition, if you have chronic eczema of the hands, treatment can not do without dieting. This is necessary in order to eliminate all possible causative agents of the disease. Very often they can become:
- all sorts of nuts;
- strawberry;
- chocolate;
- citrus fruits.
You also need to give up fried, smoked and spicy food. The most suitable cooking methods are:
- steaming;
- baking;
- extinguishing.
The daily diet should consist of:
- of cereals;
- boiled veal or rabbit;
- stewed vegetables;
- apples, preferably green.
When a person has chronic eczema( photo is presented at the beginning of the article), he is strictly forbidden to drink drinks that contain even a small amount of alcohol.
Advice from the doctor
With this disease it is almost impossible to recover completely, despite the fact that the patient turned to a specialist at the initial stage. Treatment in this case is aimed at facilitating the course of eczema and avoiding exacerbations.
Each patient will be able to do this, following the recommendations of doctors:
- adhere to dietary nutrition;
- prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases;
- monitor the state of the gastrointestinal tract.