The disease, which will be discussed, is a pathological change in the layers of the epithelium in the cervix. It is referred to as precancerous conditions. But at an early stage of development, this pathology is reversible, and therefore, timely detected and treated dysplasia is the best way to avoid the oncological process.
What is dysplasia of the cervix. Symptoms do not appear immediately
If, in the erosion of a given organ, epithelial disorders occur as a result of some traumatic effect and are superficial, dysplasia is a change in the tissues that line the cervix occurring at the cellular level. Epithelial cells lose their original form, become large and multinucleated. True, this initially does not give any clinical manifestations: they appear later. And what exactly causes them, we will discuss further.
Dysplasia can affect different layers of cells, and depending on the depth of penetration it is divided into degrees.
- Light( dysplasia I) - mild changes in the composition of cells affecting the lower third of the epithelium.
- Moderate( dysplasia II) - pathology, observed not only in the lower, but also in the middle part of the epithelium.
- Severe dysplasia of the cervix( dysplasia III) - the entire thickness of the epithelium is subject to changes, but they do not affect the vessels, muscle tissue and nerve endings.
Medical research suggests that nearly one in four women have a pathology of the organ under discussion, with a pre-cancerous condition diagnosed in 20%.
How dysplasia of the cervix manifests: symptoms of
As mentioned above, dysplasia does not manifest itself. As a rule, due to weakening of the immune background, microbial infections join it, which cause symptoms, for example, of cervicitis or colpitis. It is itching, burning, stained vaginal discharge, with a changed odor and consistency, sometimes containing blood( most often after intercourse or wearing a tampon).Painful sensations during dysplasia are not observed.
This pathology can have a prolonged course, and sometimes regress, for example, after treatment of inflammation. But most often dysplasia is progressing, and that's why it needs timely detection.
It is often found in the diagnosis of gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital warts vagina or vulva.
Cervical Dysplasia: Symptoms and Diagnosis
Regardless of the presence of any complaints, a gynecological examination should be performed regularly to detect a precancerous condition.
- For this, the examinee is taken a smear for cytology to identify atypical cells.
- And with a positive result of the first examination, colposcopy and a biopsy are performed. They are carried out with the help of optical devices, which are used to examine the walls of the cervix and to take a fragment of its tissues for laboratory analysis.
Methods of treatment of cervical dysplasia
In the treatment of this pathology repulse from the age of the woman, the size of the lesion, the degree of dysplasia and concomitant diseases. An indispensable condition is the desire to preserve the childbearing function. For this, immunostimulating therapy and surgical intervention are used. The latter is carried out through the use of liquid nitrogen, laser, radio wave therapy and electrocoagulation or, in severe cases, removal of the cervix.
Remember that cervical dysplasia, the symptoms and diagnosis of which we have reviewed, requires early detection! And then the woman will not have to face a terrible diagnosis: "cancer."