Iersiniosis in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
Yersinioz in children is an infectious intestinal disease. For this disease is characterized by severe intoxication, and during the disease affects primarily the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, bacteria can cause inflammation and other organs.
What causes iersiniosis in children?
This disease is spread all over the globe. The fact is that the bacterium that causes this ailment, the polyform Gram-negative rod, has a high survival rate in almost all conditions. However, at too low or high temperatures, this wand becomes inactive. Therefore, iersiniosis is especially common in countries with a temperate climate.
Intestinal yersiniosis does not tolerate modern treatment, therefore it is not difficult to cope with this disease. But do not start the disease. The fact that the rod is able to actively multiply and in a short time can spread throughout the digestive tract. The causative agent of the disease tolerates many antibiotics, especially penicillin, so they treat the disease with modern drugs that kill pathogenic microorganisms.
How does the disease manifest itself?
Parents are often interested in such a disease as iersiniosis. So, how to recognize the first symptoms? The disease can be divided into three periods:
- Incubation, which, as a rule, lasts no more than a week. In some children, the incubation period may last for three weeks.
- The next period is called naked. It lasts no more than five days and is characterized by intoxication symptoms. The child may even have a fever.
- The period of swing. It is at this point that the symptomatology of the disease manifests itself most acutely. The child has symptoms of intoxication, fever, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disorders. It is also possible to damage the joints, urinary and nervous system.
- The last period is called convalescence. Its duration is from a month or more. A person may have general weakness and rapid fatigue.
It is clear that intestinal infections are very dangerous, such as yersiniosis. What it is, has been described above, but this ailment still has a generally accepted classification.
Classification of pediatric iersiniasis
This intestinal infection is very similar in classification to pseudotuberculosis. Moreover, the diagnosis of yersiniosis and pseudotuberculosis is also somewhat similar.
The disease can be classified according to its forms.
- Atypical form. It is characterized by mild symptoms. All symptoms do not manifest much, including intoxication.
- An easy form of the disease. She is also characterized by a mild symptomatology, low body temperature( 38.5 ° C), and some are noted only for a short period of time.
- Medium yersiniosis. The child's body temperature can rise up to 39.5 ° C.Other symptoms are also more pronounced than with mild form.
- The severe form of the is accompanied by high fever, fever and fever. Most organs of the child and systems in the body are affected.
Also, the disease can vary and the duration of the manifestations of symptoms, including such as iersiniosis. What it is? Intestinal infection is most often expressed in acute short-term form, however, long-term course of the disease can be noted, but it can also go into chronic form.
If the child is sick, it is very important to prevent complications of the disease. The complication is noted, as a rule, in the second week of the manifestation of symptoms.
Diagnosis of the disease by the laboratory method
Due to the fact that this illness is accompanied by severe symptoms, for example, fever in children may occur, it is important to diagnose it in time. One of the methods is laboratory diagnostics.
When it is carried out, feces, blood, urine, pus or liquor can be taken on the sample. You may need several components at once, so do not be surprised if the doctor wrote out the directions immediately for several tests.
All materials undergo a thorough examination and after that the pediatrician already makes an accurate conclusion and diagnosis. Intestinal yersiniosis, as a rule, increases the level of ESR in the blood.
Diagnosis of the disease by the differential method
It should be noted that the differential diagnostic method is used mainly for intestinal diseases. The fact is that the symptoms in virtually all infections are similar, so an accurate diagnosis is first difficult to put.
Initially, the child is sent to the laboratory for the delivery of appropriate tests. After the doctor received their results and he has all the data on the manifesting symptoms, he can already make a conclusion about what kind of disease is involved. Iersiniosis in children is revealed by the method of elimination, and this is the differential method.
First aid for the manifestation of the symptoms of the disease in a child
Once the parents suspected an intestinal infection in a child, do not panic and urgently sound the alarm. Any disease should be treated consistently, including iersiniosis. Symptoms in children can be severe or mild.
Hospitalize only patients with severe illness. In other cases, the child will be shown rest and bed rest. At the first manifestations of the disease, it is necessary to put the baby on the bed, give him plenty of liquid to lower the temperature and ventilate the room. Do not use any medication alone. This can "lubricate" the symptomatology and prevent the doctor from making an accurate diagnosis.
Medical treatment of the disease
Levomycetin is widely used to combat this disease. The course of his admission lasts exactly 1 week. However, levomycetin can not cope with iersiniosis at a serious stage. If there is fever in children, then stronger medications are prescribed, for example, cefotaxime.
In addition, treatment of the disease includes drugs that remove the symptoms of intoxication, as well as restoring the water-salt balance in the body. Such a tactic should be maintained until the body's normal temperature is completely restored. After the temperature of the sick child has recovered and is at a normal level for a long period of time, the doctor changes the treatment tactics and prescribes drugs that could not fight with the symptoms, but directly with the pathogens of the infection.
Preventative measures
Prevention of yersiniosis is the use of only pure food. This disease is more likely to be transmitted through the consumption of dirty fruits and vegetables.
In order to prevent the disease from being epidemiological, preventive measures are taken in vegetable stores, water stations and on the territory of points that produce food products. It is also important, in order not to become infected with iersiniosis, to eat only fresh foods and to monitor their conditions and storage time.
In addition, parents are strongly advised not to attend events with children, where a large number of people are expected. If the measures can not be avoided, it is necessary to thoroughly wash the child's hands or use disinfectant gels or solutions that can be used from an early age. The fact is that the incubation period of iersiniosis is set at three weeks.
Also for people who have been ill with this disease should be established strict control by physicians.
Features of infirmity in infants
Breastfeeding or children under the age of almost do not get yersiniosis. The fact is that at this age, children eat either mother's milk or special dairy mixtures. After that, various mashed potatoes( vegetable, fruit or meat) are connected to them. Such products are not dangerous and can not serve as carriers of a polyform Gram-negative rod.
However, yersiniosis in children can be expressed in the form of other diseases, for example, gastroenteritis. Such diseases can be accompanied by similar symptoms, including seizures or loss of consciousness. Also, there may be persistent nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. For such symptoms should be watched very carefully, because the baby is still very weak, and the violation of the water-salt balance is very fast. In case of his violation, urgent hospitalization is recommended, as some medicinal products are forbidden to apply in the first years of the baby's life.