When and where are diphtheria vaccinated?
Where is diphtheria vaccinated? Let's look at this in more detail. This vaccine protects against a dangerous infection. Children put it in infancy. A toxin of a microorganism will provoke a dangerous disease. Diphtheria proceeds quite heavily, against its background mucous throat, nasopharynx and intestine form dense films, under which ulcers can be detected, as well as tissue necrosis. If the serum is not injected in time, a fatal outcome may occur. 
High mortality
The mortality rate for this disease is seventy cases out of a hundred. For this reason, children are given the vaccine, starting from the age of three months. This is done in the form of a complex vaccine, which is also a reliable protection against pertussis and tetanus. In isolated form, the antidiphtheria vaccine is rarely used today. In this article we learn about when to vaccinate against diphtheria to a child, and also find out what are the complications from its implementation. After all, many parents are interested in where the diphtheria vaccine is being made.
Vaccination for diphtheria
As noted, children are often given a diphtheria and tetanus vaccine. This vaccine is a combination of certain anatoxins. It is called "ADF".In medicine, there is also another vaccine with a pertussis component, it is called a DTP vaccination. The last variant of vaccination is not carried by all children. In addition, not all of us know where children are being vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus.
Causes of co-vaccination
Why do they inject from two diseases at once? There are justified reasons for this:
- Both components need the same active substance, namely aluminum hydroxide.
- The schedule of vaccination along with the schedules and timing of vaccination against these diseases coincide, which makes it possible to simultaneously put both of these injections.
- The current level of development in the field of medicine and industry makes it possible to place two components in one drug. Thanks to this, the total number of injections for children is reduced by half. However, in any case it is convenient for both doctors and parents when one inoculation immediately gives protection against two dangerous infections. Accordingly, and the reaction of a small organism to an inoculation will have to survive only once, instead of two.
Consider below, where the vaccine is made from diphtheria and tetanus.
Vaccination and its features
Doctors are required to inform parents in advance when to vaccinate against diphtheria, as well as the rules for preparing for it. It is carried out according to the generally accepted vaccination calendar:
- at three months of age;
- in four and a half months;
- at the age of half a year;
- in a year and a half;
- is vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus at 7 years of age.
The required immunity to the disease is usually formed only after the introduction of three vaccines. They should be placed at a certain interval of thirty to forty days. But in order to maintain the immune system, children are given two additional additional vaccinations from diphtheria, which allow them to remain immune to the infection for ten years. Therefore, revaccination after this measure will only be required at the age of sixteen.
Where are they doing it?
Another issue that worries parents before carrying out this procedure is the interest about where the diphtheria and tetanus vaccine are being given to children. For these purposes, you need a muscle, so experts recommend injecting a child under the shoulder blade. And where do they get the diphtheria vaccine in 14 years? This is a common question, but with age, the location of the injection site does not change. You can also perform it in the hip, in which the thickness of the skin is not large, which means that the vaccine will be able to reach its ultimate goal faster.
Where do adults get diphtheria vaccine? All vaccines containing diphtheria toxoid( ADS, DTP, ADS-M, AD-M, AD) are administered intramuscularly in the buttock( in the upper outer quadrant) or in the antero-part of the thigh. A deep subcutaneous injection into the subscapular region is also made for adults.
Now it is clear where the diphtheria vaccine is done.
Is it worth agreeing?
Despite the general usefulness, as well as the maximum effectiveness of this vaccine and the availability of information about it, many parents still doubt whether to give their consent to such a procedure. Nevertheless, the number of refusals from this vaccination does not decrease year by year, but only increases.
"For" and "Against"
Parents of children before the vaccination procedure are often interested in whether it is generally mandatory or can be abandoned. On the one hand, no one will be forced to enforce it by force, so you can write a refusal, after which the injection will not be introduced to the baby. But at the same time doctors are obliged to explain in detail to the parents all the possible consequences of this decision. Therefore, it is important to keep in mind the benefits of vaccination against diphtheria. And the advantages in this case are as follows:
- The risk of infection with a dangerous infection is minimized.
- Even if the child suddenly falls ill with diphtheria, but at the same time will be vaccinated from it, the course of the disease will be rapid, and the form is easy enough to recover was not slow to wait.
- When a child grows up, he may simply not be recruited for lack of information about this vaccination in his medical record.
It should be noted that the list of professional fields for which the vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus( where we make adults, we specified) is quite impressive:
- agricultural work;
- construction industry;
- hydro-reclamation and harvesting operations;
- geological, field, prospecting and forwarding industries;
- veterinary and animal care;
- service in the field of sewerage facilities;
- medical and educational posts.
Therefore, if parents want to see their child as a doctor or teacher in the future, it will be better to immediately agree to the vaccination, otherwise many doors in front of him will simply close.
What scares parents?
And yet, why is diphtheria vaccinated so badly for parents? What makes them abandon such a salutary and apparently seemingly useful injection? Most likely, they are alarmed by the list of complications that can occur after it is carried out. However, they develop only in those situations when any contraindications are not observed. As a rule, they are detected in children before they are given a vaccine.
Contraindications
One of the main advantages of this vaccine is the presence of a minimum number of contraindications. Vaccination is not carried out at all if the baby has an intolerance to the components of the administered substance. In other situations, vaccine doctors can only postpone. Such situations usually are:
- acute course of any disease;
- presence of high temperature;
- when taking strong medicines;
- the patient has eczema;
- for diathesis in a child.
If the individual intolerance or the above factors do not reveal in time, then, of course, you can be afraid of any side effects after vaccination against diphtheria. In all other situations, the reaction of the child's organism to such vaccination does not go beyond the norm.
What is the child's reaction to vaccination?
Parents need to know exactly what should be the reaction to vaccination against diphtheria in their child. This is important in order to vainly not worry. Despite the fact that the symptoms of vaccination reaction can be unpleasant, it quickly and without a trace passes and does not affect the overall health of the child. To these symptoms most often include the following symptoms:
- Local body reaction, which manifests itself in the form of redness of the skin.
- Feeling of lethargy along with general malaise and drowsiness.
- Vaccination from diphtheria may be painful, but in no case should this be frightened. Painful sensations can be explained by the fact that inflammation is formed in the injection area, accompanied by a feeling of discomfort. Therefore, this reaction is quite natural and takes place within a week after vaccination.
- The presence of a small swelling in the area of injection can also persist for one week until the injected drug completely absorbs into the blood.
- The appearance of a cone is a consequence of the fact that the vaccine product fell not in the muscle, but under the skin in the cellulose. This, too, should not be feared, since absolutely nothing terrible in this. However, you should prepare for the fact that this new growth will dissolve for a very long time, perhaps for one month.
- Within a couple of days after vaccination, the child may get fever. It should be brought down by antipyretic drugs. As a rule, it does not last too long, nor can it be too high.
Basic nuances of
In order for the reactions after the vaccination to be normal, you need to know a few basic nuances for caring for the puncture site. For example, many parents are interested in how much one should not wash a child after vaccination against tetanus and diphtheria. But it should be noted that there are absolutely no contraindications to water procedures after this vaccination.
The only recommendation is that it is not advisable to bathe the child in too hot water with foam. You can not have a baby bathing in a bath with salt, otherwise it can cause skin irritation in the injection area. In addition, do not use a washcloth for a week. Otherwise, there are no other restrictions. Therefore, parents should not be afraid to give their consent to vaccination against diphtheria. In addition, these or other complications arise after it extremely rarely.
Possible complications of
Any consequences of vaccination against diphtheria are quite difficult to call complications, because they are, first of all, extremely rare, and also do not cause significant harm to the child's health. However, the following symptoms are attributed to possible complications:
- the appearance of diarrhea;
- development of profuse sweating;
- occurrence of itching along with dermatitis;
- appearance of cough and runny nose;
- appearance of otitis and pharyngitis, as well as bronchitis.
Why do parents still refuse to be vaccinated?
All listed diseases can be cured in a short time. In the role of side effects after this vaccination, these symptoms are extremely rare. Specialists do not understand the motives of parents who refuse to perform this vaccination. For all time, no anaphylactic shock, no fatalities after the injection of ADS has been observed. At the same time, effectiveness along with the benefits of this vaccine has been repeatedly confirmed in practice.
In any case, parents are advised to talk with the pediatrician before taking such a responsible decision to find out all about the advantages and disadvantages of the antidiphtheria vaccine. Only after such a consultation it will be possible to draw the right conclusions, on which not only health, but also the subsequent professional life of the baby will depend. Where you are vaccinated against diphtheria, you can check with your doctor.
Where is immunization performed?
The vaccine against diphtheria is available today in any of the state polyclinics. In addition, it is performed in special vaccine centers, as well as in various departments of hospitals.
If the child is suspected to develop an allergic reaction, it is best to put the vaccine in a hospital. In all other situations, vaccination can also be performed on an outpatient basis, for example in a polyclinic or vaccination center. Where an inoculation against diphtheria is made by adults, we explained above.
In public institutions, medicines for vaccination are provided, which are purchased from the budget and are free for patients. As for vaccine centers, they can be given such a vaccine with the use of an imported injection, which will be significantly more expensive.
If desired, you can purchase the required drug in the pharmacy, then go to your vaccination room in your clinic, so that the medical specialist performs an intramuscular injection. In the event that a person independently buys a vaccine in a pharmacy, he needs to take care of the proper conditions for its transportation in advance, as well as the storage of the drug.
We have considered the question of where the diphtheria vaccine is being made.