The withdrawal syndrome is what?

After the completion of taking medications intended to arrest various conditions, the symptoms may return to the patient. In this case, they are manifested with greater force. As a result, the patient's condition deteriorates significantly, and he may fall into a coma. A similar manifestation is called withdrawal syndrome. This phenomenon was first discovered by doctors when using hormone therapy.

Causes of

The withdrawal syndrome is an acute manifestation caused by a violation of biological, chemical and hormonal processes caused by the fact that if the patient refuses to take medication, our body does not receive any substances necessary for normal functioning. This is due to the fact that any hormonal drugs have a negative effect on the nervous system, violating the normal psychological and emotional background. If you take these drugs for a long period of time, the patient may develop a feeling of constant discomfort and depression. Therefore, do not use medication without the advice of a qualified specialist.

The most common drugs and substances that cause dependence and can lead to the development of withdrawal syndrome in case of refusal to admit them are:

• narcotic substances, for example, cocaine, opium, etc.;
• psychostimulants and antidepressants;
• alcohol;
• nicotine.

Each provocateur listed in the list has a different degree of addiction. Therefore, dependence on them develops in a person for a different period of time. For example, addiction develops much more quickly to narcotic substances than to nicotine or alcohol. The most dangerous thing is that such dependence has a detrimental effect on the body. In some cases, there may even be a lethal outcome.

A frequent picture is the hormone ointment withdrawal syndrome, which is widely used in gynecology for the treatment of various diseases. The abolition of their application leads to hormonal failure, and consequently, to abstinence.

Syndrome of withdrawal: symptoms of

Manifestation of withdrawal syndrome is always the same. This applies to absolutely all cases, regardless of what was caused by addiction. Exception can be considered only those situations when the abstinence is not so bright.

The main symptoms of withdrawal syndrome are:

• deterioration of well-being, constant depression, decreased efficiency;
• increased irritability, aggressiveness, apathy, depression;
• disruption of normal operation of internal organs, accompanied by shortness of breath, increased palpitations, nausea, digestive system disorders, tremor in the muscles, increased sweating;
• a constant desire to take a substance that has become addictive.

Throughout the symptom of withdrawal, the patient can not think of anything else.

All of the above manifestations indicate that the patient has developed a withdrawal syndrome. The signs can be both pronounced and less obvious.

When does abstinence begin to manifest?

Abstinence manifestations may occur at different times and depend on many factors, the main ones being the degree of dependence caused by certain substances.

In most cases, abstinence manifests itself in such terms as:

• in the case of nicotine addiction, the desire to smoke can occur only one hour after the last smoke break;
• about whether there is a withdrawal syndrome with alcohol abuse, you can find out in a few hours;
• abstinence caused by taking antidepressants is manifested 1-2 days after refusal;
• with the use of narcotic substances, the breakdown occurs about a day after the last dose.

It should be noted that when abstinence occurs, the symptoms do not appear immediately, but gradually.

Duration of abstinence

Many people are interested in the question of how long the withdrawal syndrome lasts. Is it dangerous or not? However, there is no unequivocal answer, since each organism is individual and differently tolerates a refusal to accept substances that caused dependence. The duration of the syndrome is also affected by the time that the body needs to remove toxins.

Despite the fact that there are no exact figures, nevertheless, scientists were able to calculate the approximate duration of abstinence.

Observation results are as follows:

• in case of alcohol withdrawal, the duration of abstinence can be from one week to several months;
• withdrawal syndrome for refusing to take narcotic drugs lasts several weeks;
• for smoking cessation abstinence can last from several days to several weeks, depending on the length of the smoker's experience;
• withdrawal syndrome, caused by taking antidepressants, can be felt for three weeks.

According to doctors, abstinence is much easier to tolerate with the support of the family. The substituted shoulder of close people adds determination and increases the strength of the patient's will. Therefore, the probability of complete elimination of the dependence increases.

Alcohol withdrawal abstinence

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome can significantly impair the patient's well-being. This is accompanied by mental, neurological and somatic abnormalities. The clinical manifestations of abstinence begin 3 days after the complete refusal of alcohol, and the first manifestation is a hangover. In some cases, withdrawal can cause hallucinations, which, in turn, increase the aggressiveness of the patient.

Neurological manifestations of alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Refusal of alcohol after a long period of intake creates a great strain on the nervous system, so the patient begins to tremble his hands, there may be convulsions and pseudoparalities. Because of the increased sensitivity of the skin, the patient is sweating, not related to the temperature indoors or outdoors.

Physiological manifestations of

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome affects the digestive, genitourinary and cardiovascular systems. As a result, the following symptoms appear:

• indigestion accompanied by nausea, vomiting and liquid stool;
• decreased sexual activity;
• frequent urge to urinate.

It is worth noting that the use of alcohol over a long period of time causes physiological changes in the myocardium. As a result, a sharp refusal of alcohol can lead to cardiac arrest.

Abstinence in the abolition of hormonal drugs

The sudden discontinuation of hormone therapy drugs causes a withdrawal syndrome, which can be accompanied by various symptoms depending on the principle of the drug's effect on the body. First of all, the disease, which was treated with hormonal drugs, makes itself felt in a more severe form. In addition, the patient may develop adrenal insufficiency syndrome, progressing very quickly and often leading to cardiac arrest.

This kind of abstinence is very rare, because doctors prescribe to their patients a phased withdrawal from taking hormonal drugs, gradually reducing the dosage.

Abstinence in the abstinence of antidepressants

Antidepressants are widely used in psychiatry to treat various disorders. However, they have a strong influence on the nervous system. Therefore, the withdrawal syndrome of "phenazepam" or any other similar drug leads to a sharp deterioration in well-being and various problems throughout the body.

Clinical manifestations of

After a sharp refusal to take antidepressants, the patient again exhibits depression and develops withdrawal syndrome. What to do in such a situation, so that the clinical manifestations are not so pronounced? Stop taking medication gradually, gradually reducing the dosage. It is important to understand that abstinence will still make itself felt. Simply patient can easily transfer it.

To cope with the melancholy mood, you can take a variety of herbal remedies and preparations of the normotonics group. It is very important that the reception of any medication is carried out exclusively under the supervision of a qualified specialist, as self-medication can lead to dangerous complications.

Symptoms of withdrawal when taking antidepressants are:

• insomnia;
• apathy;
• lack of good mood;
• involuntary convulsions;
• trembling of the limbs;
• increased heart rate.

Patient's state of health and clinical manifestations of withdrawal can be exacerbated by various medications. Therefore, it is not recommended to take any medications on your own to fight a depressed mood.

Abstinence when quitting smoking

The flow of withdrawal syndrome when quitting smoking very much resembles a similar one that occurs when refusing to drink alcohol. But his clinical manifestations are milder, despite the psychological dependence. Experts note that in medicine, there is no abstinence in quitting smoking, but the smoker acquires it on their own.

No treatment is required for rejection of nicotine, since the signs and manifestations accompanying the withdrawal symptom do not pose any threat to health and life. Symptoms of withdrawal are increased irritability and a constant obsessive desire to smoke a cigarette. But if the smoker receives proper moral support from his relatives, he can easily cope with this. The most difficult period is the first week of weaning from the addiction. Then it becomes much easier.

Conclusion

The withdrawal syndrome is a phenomenon that can happen to anyone. No matter how strong the dependence on the drug or any addictive substance, and no matter how strongly the withdrawal syndrome is manifested, the patient will be able to cope with everything. Especially if he is serious about getting rid of the habit, and also if he feels constant support from close people. But do not rely only on relatives and self-medication, as withdrawal is a very serious manifestation that can be a threat to human health, and also lead to death.