During the existence of antibiotics, many bacteria have appeared that produce substances that suppress their action. To combat some of these microorganisms, the drug "Oxacillin" is used, the instruction for its application is considered in this article.
Composition and Principle of Action
Oxacillin is an antibiotic related to semisynthetic penicillins. Under its action there is a blocking of the process of synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, the destruction of fissile bacterial cells. Actively acts in relation to gram-positive microorganisms, incl.and to those that produce penicillinase - a substance that suppresses penicillin. Among the bacteria affected are staphylococci, streptococci, gram-negative cocci, anaerobic spore-forming sticks. On most gram-negative microorganisms, the drug "Oxacillin" does not work.
How to use
The "Oxacillin" medication is recommended for use in infections caused by Gram positive microorganisms:
- sinusitis,
- sepsis,
- abscess,
- cholecystitis,
- phlegmon,
- pyelitis,
- osteomyelitis,
-cystitis,
- wound and postoperative infections,
- infected burns,
- bacterial endocarditis,
- meningitis.
There are two forms of release of the drug "Oxacillin": tablets and solution for injection.
Tablets should be taken one hour before meals. For adults, the maximum dose is 3 grams per day. Duration of treatment from 7 to 10 days, with severe pathologies can be extended to 3 weeks.
The solution is administered intramuscularly and intravenously. Dosage - from 2 to 4 grams of the drug per day. For intramuscular injection, a 0.25 g flask of oxacillin is diluted with 1.5 ml of water for injection. When administered intravenously, 0.25 to 5 g of the drug is dissolved in 5 ml of sodium chloride or water for injection. Drip administration of the drug is also possible.
The exact dosage of the solution and tablets is prescribed by the physician.
Contraindications and side effects of
For the preparation "Oxacillin", the instruction calls the following contraindications. It can not be taken with hypersensitivity, and also in cases when the body does not tolerate beta-lactam antibiotics. With caution, the drug should be taken with such diseases as bronchial asthma, enterocolitis, allergies, as well as kidney pathologies. For breastfeeding and expectant mothers, the Oksacillin preparation is also recommended for use in extreme cases. When taking it during breastfeeding, you should switch to artificial baby food. It is not recommended to use a medicine to treat infections that are caused by microorganisms that are sensitive to benzylpenicillin.
There may be a number of side effects when taking the drug. These include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, allergic reactions( urticaria, skin itching).When appointing a daily dose of more than 6 g, this medication has a hepatotoxic effect on the body: there is nausea, vomiting, hyperthermia, the skin acquires icteric tinge. For the drug "Oxacillin" instructions for use indicate such side effects as proteinuria, hematuria, interstitial nephritis. With intravenous administration, thrombophlebitis may occur.
There are a number of limitations when using the drug in conjunction with other medicines. Under its action, the toxicity of methotrexate is increased due to the fact that both medicines compete for tubular secretion. With the simultaneous administration of oxacillin and calcium folinate, it may be necessary to increase the dose of the antidote of folic acid antagonists. Do not prescribe this drug and in conjunction with drugs that have a pronounced hepatotoxic effect. Also, it is not recommended to take bacteriostatic antibiotics simultaneously with Oksacillin - in this case its effectiveness decreases. With the simultaneous administration of antacids and laxative drugs, absorption of it from the gastrointestinal tract decreases.