Retroflexia of the uterus: causes, symptoms and treatment

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Retroflexia of the uterus is an atypical bending of the uterus posterior, occurring in about 20% of women. This arrangement of the organ is a pathology, but does not always require treatment, has no characteristic clinical manifestations, but concomitant pains, vaginal discharge, disturbances in the functions of adjacent organs and menstrual function may be involved. In some cases, the retroflexia of the uterus, whose photo is on the pages of medical manuals, can lead to infertility and miscarriage.

Uterus: normal location

Normally the uterus is located in the center of the small pelvis, in the cavity between the bladder and large intestine. At the same time its bottom is turned upwards and anteriorly, and the neck is turned downwards and forwards. Uterus in this position is very mobile, its position can freely vary depending on the filling of surrounding organs. The tone, ligaments and muscles, abdominal press and pelvic floor ensure its normal position.

Under the influence of various causes, the uterus may deviate posteriorly, changing the proportions between the pelvic organs. As a consequence of this arrangement, a stretched ligamentous device becomes attached to it, which causes the internal genital organs to shift and fall out.

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Types of bending of the uterus

There are several types of retroflection:

- Movable, resulting from a decrease in the tone of the myometrium or stretching of the muscles or ligaments. Uterus bends backwards, without losing mobility.

- Fixed retroflection is a fully or partially immobile organ with respect to neighboring ones.

Causes of bending

Movable retroflexia of the uterus can occur due to:

- severe weight loss;

- prolonged bed rest;

- irrational diet;

- weakness of the myometrium and weakening of the ligament of the uterus;

- birth injuries, postpartum infection;

- heavy work;

- frequent abortions.

To the appearance of a fixed retroflection can result:

- adnexitis - inflammation of the ovaries and fallopian tubes;

- palyoperitonitis - inflammation in any area of ​​the pelvic peritoneum;

- endometritis - an inflammatory process that takes place in the internal mucosa of the uterus;

- endometriosis - a pathological proliferation of glandular tissue of the uterus beyond its limits.

Any kind of retroflection may occur due to:

- prolonged lactation;

- inflammation of the rectum;

- frequent constipation;

- congenital features of the uterus;

- heavy-giving birth;

- tumors of the pelvic organs;

- accumulation of blood in the space between the bladder and the vagina.

Symptoms of the disease

The moving retroflexia of the uterus often passes asymptomatically and is accidentally detected by gynecological examination. Fixed bending is accompanied by complaints of the patient to:

- irregular or profuse menstrual bleeding;

- painful sensations and heaviness in the lower abdomen and in the region of the sacrum;

- pain during intercourse;

- frequent urge to urinate;

- constipation if the intestinal loops are squashed.

Retroflexion of the uterus during pregnancy can lead to the threat of interruption or result in spontaneous abortion. However, timely detection of the problem and adequate therapy will help overcome difficulties in conceiving or bearing and prevent future problems.

Pregnancy and retroflexia

Retroflexion of the uterus and pregnancy are far from mutually exclusive concepts. Difficulties, of course, can arise, but you can get pregnant, moreover, in some cases it is this condition that allows the uterus to take the right position. It should also be noted that not the bend provokes the problem, although it is more difficult for spermatozoa to reach the place where the egg is fertilized, and the disease that led to retroflection. So, after consulting a doctor, you should get rid of inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs, or if you find any adhesions, take courses of physiotherapy, fermentotherapy, mud therapy, gynecological massage.

An important role in the bending of the cervix in the case of a desire to become pregnant is played by the posture during sexual intercourse. The classical pose, when a man from above, is not suitable for conception with such a pathology. The best poses are:

- a man on top of a woman who lies on her stomach with a pillow under her hips;

- knee-elbow position.

It is in such positions that the uterus takes the most close to the natural position, and the spermatozoa get more free access to the eggs. After the end of the sexual act, it is recommended not to jump at once, but lie down for half an hour on the stomach. It is also recommended lying on your back to lift your legs up, supporting yourself by the side. Fix in this position for 5-10 minutes.

Mobile retroflection definitely will not become an obstacle to conception. Such a diagnosis can be completely removed during pregnancy, because a growing and heavy fetus, as well as amniotic fluid by its pressure, help to straighten the uterus. Pregnancy often develops normally, but the doctor's control will be necessary right up to the birth of the child.

How to diagnose bending of the cervix

It is easy to diagnose retroflexia - when viewed on a gynecological chair by means of a bimanual examination, in which the fingers of one hand of a gynecologist are in the vagina, and the second one probes the uterus through the abdominal wall. This method of examination will help to establish and type of pathology. You can also use ultrasound or CT scan if there are suspicions of inflammation or tumors.

Treatment measures

Retroflexia of the uterus, whose treatment is prescribed and chosen exclusively by a gynecologist, is a treatable pathology. Therapy is often aimed at eliminating the causes that led to the bend.

Treatment of mobile retroflection consists in the manual insertion of the organ. After this, a course of therapeutic physical training, gynecological massage or the use of special pessaries is prescribed. It is forbidden after the therapy to lift or carry weights.

For the treatment of diseases leading to the emergence of fixed retroflection, such as adhesions, inflammatory processes or endometriosis,

is used: electrophoresis or ultraphonophoresis;

- acupuncture;

- mud treatment;

- fibrinolytic or anti-inflammatory drugs;

- vitamin and mineral complex;

- drugs that normalize the overall hormonal background.

If adhesions are not amenable to medical or physiotherapeutic treatment, surgery can be performed, which implies excision of adhesions. After this, the woman is also assigned to wear pessaries and is not allowed to deal with the weights.

Retroflexia of the uterus is a disease that develops for various reasons and often proceeds asymptomatically. Diagnosing pathology is not difficult, but it should be treated in a comprehensive way, correcting the position of the organ and eliminating the causes that originally led to the bend.