Whatever their health problems, they always affect the quality of life. A group of the most common diseases that can cause death are cardiovascular diseases. Not always people pay attention to some symptoms, and in fact their timely therapy can preserve health and life. For example, it requires a qualitative examination and adequate treatment of angina pectoris of 2 FC.What this is, how this health problem is diagnosed and cured will be described in this article.
Angina pectoris: symptoms
Heart problems, unfortunately, are a very common cause of poor health.
According to the World Health Organization, of all deaths, more than 30% is due to diseases of the cardiovascular system of the human body. And half of such cases occur as a consequence of coronary heart disease and strokes.
These diseases have several clearly pronounced symptoms, allowing them to be clearly diagnosed and use first aid for pain relief. One such symptom-complex is stress angina. ICD( International Classification of Diseases) refers this pathology to a block of coronary heart disease in the group of cardiovascular diseases.
Harbinger of trouble
Doctors say that angina itself is not even a disease, but a serious warning of the organism about the impending danger not only for health, but for life. Painful sensations behind the sternum, which are commonly called "angina pectoris", serve as a reason for contacting a doctor for examination and setting an adequate diagnosis. After all, angina is one of the symptoms of coronary heart disease - the main cause of disability and death, even among young people.
The sensation of pain in the region of the heart, giving in the arm, neck, upper abdomen, should be considered as a serious symptom of impending disaster. Treatment of angina and other types of angina should be carried out in a timely manner, after diagnosis. To let alone this kind of pain is impossible, because only a competent examination and consultation of a specialist will help determine the diagnosis and quality therapy.
Risk factors for the appearance of the angina pectoris
The appearance of chest pain even in isolated cases is an alarming symptom indicative of a malfunction in the body. The risk factors for the appearance of heart problems can be several at the same time. Most often, their appearance is affected by:
- atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries;
- high blood cholesterol;
- arterial hypertension;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- smoking;
- obesity;
- increased blood coagulation;
- diabetes;
- thrombosis;
- thrombophlebitis;
- phlebothrombosis.
Doctors note, and this is confirmed by numerous observations and studies that stress development is a significant influence on the development of angina pectoris. And it does not matter, it's an emotional outburst or a chronic stressful situation. In both cases, pain can arise over the sternum, which indicates serious problems, one of which may be angina pectoris of 2 FC tension( which is what we will consider in this article).
The basis for the development of angina pectoris
At the heart of the development of angina pectoris stress 2 FC, however, like any other type of this serious symptom, there is a change in tone and endothelial dysfunction of the arteries and coronary vessels, leading to a narrowing of their lumen and spasm. Coronary heart disease is fundamentally deficient in blood supply and, as a consequence, lack of oxygen.
Stenocardiac pains, which serve as a characteristic feature of IHD, are manifested precisely because of the disturbance of the oxygen balance in the cardiovascular system and in the heart muscle, in particular. This happens with physical activity, emotional overstrain, stress. In some cases, such pains appear and at rest.
Typical and atypical manifestations of angina pectoris
Often after the examination, the patient is diagnosed with 2 FC angina pectoris. What it is? This name has one of the pain symptoms, indicating a violation of the heart's blood supply. This sign is quite clear, which allows you to immediately diagnose.
Pain appears behind the sternum and has a burning, pressing or uncomfortable character. These sensations can give to the left side - a scapula, an arm, a lower jaw, and also to the left side of the neck or throat. Also, pain can irradiate into the upper abdomen in the right side of the body - also the arm, throat, scapula.
The most important thing is that outside the attack the ailment does not show itself. That is, the patient does not experience any other sensations, except as a bout of pain. The attack passes, and the pain disappears until the next peak.
A typical sign of such an attack is suddenness. It arises unexpectedly against the background of stress, emotional outburst, physical activity. Another feature that makes it possible to clearly diagnose a typical attack of angina pectoris is its ability to pass by itself or by taking "Nitroglycerin", which expands the lumen of the vessels, thereby relieving spasm and increasing the access of oxygen to the heart.
Types of angina
For many of those who suffer from attacks of angina pectoris, such pains seem insignificant, because they pass quickly enough, often even without taking special medications. But this is a big mistake that can lead to heart attack, disability or death. Specialists in angina pectoris are divided into two types:
- angina pectoris;
- Stenocardia tension.
The diagnosis is made taking into account the features that can be traced in the type names themselves.
Stenocardia tension is predictable enough, because the patient knows that in a particular situation that causes stress both physical and emotional( and this can be fast walking, a sharp drop in air temperature, stress), there will be an attack that must be stopped with the "Nitroglycerin".
A resting angina can develop in any situation, even calm for a person, when it seems that there are no prerequisites for it completely. Specialists, this type of heart problem is divided by the nature of the course - stable and unstable. The names speak for themselves:
- Stable - predictable, flowing with a certain frequency.
- Unstable can be as the first arising, progressive, and postinfarction.
Correct understanding of the essence of angina pectoris can only be done by a specialist.
Stable cardiac problem
Stenocardia tension is divided into functional classes, which are determined by numerous studies conducted by physicians, physiologists, scientists.
Each patient needs a competent diagnosis, taking into account anamnesis, the general condition at the time of the onset of a feeling of angina pectoris, concomitant diseases or pathological conditions, which necessarily reflects the medical history.
Stenocardia tension 2 FC is a fairly frequent diagnosis for people of different ages and sex, because FC - functional classes - take into account the degree of physical stress causing angina pectoris. The stability of the problem can be said when the patient experiences seizures for more than a month.
How the angina of stress
is divided To adequately diagnose in IHD, the doctor necessarily examines the patient about the nature of the pain and the attendant details of life that cause the attack. Based on these data, as well as conducted surveys and analyzes, a conclusion is made about the exact diagnosis.
Functional classes of angina pectoris indicate the nature of the physical or emotional stress giving rise to the seizure:
- For 1 FC, the asymptomatic course of the problem is characteristic, although ECG and ultrasound of the heart show disturbances in the cardiovascular system. The stress angina of functional class 2 is more pronounced than the previous species.
- 3 functional class implies quite serious limitations for physical and emotional loads.
- The last, the 4th class, manifests itself under minimum stress and requires maximum rest, both physically and emotionally.
Features II FC
One of the most common health problems that can lead to death is ischemic heart disease. Stenocardia of tension 2 FC is a symptomatic complex of such a disease. It is characterized by a sufficiently high level of the limit of physical and emotional stress, which the patient is able to tolerate.
Many signs of this class of angina pain are familiar to most people, many of whom do not even suspect such a problem. The attack occurs when running or fast walking, as well as when climbing the stairs at an active pace.
A characteristic feature of the II functional class of angina pectoris, in contrast to I FC, is an attack-response to frosty air, a breath catching a strong wind, and also to heavy, heavy food.
First aid
For those who first encountered the symptoms of angina pectoris, what to do is an unexpected and difficult question. Because the pain in the heart can cause horror from the possibility of a heart attack and death or disability. The main goal of such help is to stop the attack of pain, with which "Nitroglycerin" copes well.
When feeling pain in the heart, it is convenient to sit down, lowering your legs to the floor, unbutton the top button of your shirt, taking off the scarf, decorating your neck to facilitate breathing. For the same purpose, it is necessary to open the window to gain fresh air.
"Nitroglycerin" should work for 2-3 minutes, if the pain does not weaken, it is necessary to take another tablet of the drug. In the absence of the effect of taking this medication, you need to call an ambulance.
Also it is necessary to call an ambulance if:
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an attack of pain in the heart area happened to a person for the first time;
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pain does not go away after 5-7 minutes;
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does not help "Nitroglycerin";
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increased weakness and pain;
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appeared nausea and vomiting.
In these cases, a person most likely develops a heart attack, rather than angina. Symptoms in this case require qualified medical care and hospitalization.
How is angina pectoris diagnosed with 2 FC?
Like any other health problem, angina pectoris should be adequately diagnosed. This requires a thorough medical examination, including instrumental, laboratory studies, as well as functional diagnostics. Do not panic, feeling the symptoms characteristic of the diagnosis of angina pectoris. What to do? Contact the medical institution for help, especially if the attack is registered for the first time. The doctor will prescribe the following set of measures for diagnosing:
Which of the instrumental examinations to choose is decided by a specialist on the basis of an anamnesis and a preliminary diagnosis.
How to treat?
Treatment of angina pectoris of any class is a whole complex of measures necessary to maintain the cardiovascular system within normal limits. Unfortunately, this problem can not be completely cured, and after the diagnosis the patient will be forced to take certain preparations all his life to avoid the development of a heart attack and sudden death. Only a qualified specialist will be able to prescribe adequate drugs. These include:
- calcium channel antagonists, which reduce the need for oxygen in the heart muscle;
-
beta-blockers, which reduce heart rate and pressure;
-
angiotensin converting enzyme( ACE inhibitors) used to prevent vascular spasm;
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nitrates for vasodilatation and reducing the need of the heart in oxygen;
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drugs that reduce thrombosis;
-
statins that help reduce the amount of cholesterol in the blood.
In some cases, a patient with coronary artery disease is shown to have surgery to restore a qualitative blood supply to the heart muscle. The patient can be:
Prevention of IHD is the best medicine
If a person is diagnosed with IHD, angina pectoris stress FC2, the lifestyle should be designed in such a way as to minimize the possibility of an attack and complications in the form of a stroke, a heart attack and a lethal outcome.
Doctors advise using a principle with the same abbreviation as the disease itself - IHD.The letter "AND" here means: "get rid of tobacco smoke", the letter "B" - "move more", and the letter "C" - "lose weight".
We also need a rational, balanced diet, saturated with components that regulate the work of the whole body: vitamins, micro- and macro elements, amino acids, fiber.
Answering the question about what is the stress angina of 2 FC - what is it, the doctors say about the symptomatic complex of problems in the work of the heart and cardiovascular system manifested in bouts of chest pain and are a harbinger of serious health problems.
