Diseases of the back and spine

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Diseases of the back and spine are one of the main problems of representatives of all ages. Probably, there is no person who at least sometimes does not have a backache. And in most cases, people either courageously suffer pain, or drink anesthetic. But in fact you can not neglect your health and ignore the back disease. The doctor must necessarily examine the patient and find out what the painful syndrome in the spine is associated with. Maybe it's just caused by fatigue or physical overstrain. Or maybe this is a sign of one of the serious diseases that require immediate help from a specialist doctor.

Symptoms and causes of back pain

The modern sedentary lifestyle is the reason that those diseases that were recently observed only in the elderly can now arise in very young people. The causes of back problems can be very different. back disease

The process of degeneration of the spine begins gradually. At the very beginning he undergoes intervertebral discs and there is a back disease - osteochondrosis. In this case, there are changes in the cartilaginous tissue, the height of the intervertebral disc becomes much smaller, and this leads to the squeezing of the nerve endings. At this stage, the person practically does not feel pain, there is only a slight discomfort at the end of the day, as well as a strong fatigue even under low load.

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After this, such pathological processes as spondylosis and spondyloarthrosis begin to develop. The essence of these processes lies in the fact that the osteophytes begin to grow at the endings of the adjacent vertebrae of the disc that is damaged. Together with this, the process covers the joints of neighboring vertebrae. And this gives the patient even greater discomfort and soreness. Diagnosis of this disease occurs at this stage, because, suffering from pain, a person finally turns to the doctor.

If the patient continues to ignore the symptoms of back disease and does not seek medical help, the protrusion begins between the vertebrae, and then the hernia. The vertebrae begin to squeeze out a portion of the altered pathology of the disc, there is a protrusion of the hernia. In this case, such serious complications as pressing the nerve endings of the hernia or squeezing the spinal cord can occur. These complications may well lead to disability.

Such pathological processes can be subjected to absolutely all parts of the spine. In most cases, the lumbar and cervical divisions undergo changes. back and spine diseases

Deformation of the spine and posture disorder

The position that a person normally takes in his daily activity is his posture. At a time when there is a growth of the spine, there is a process of formation of posture. If a person leads an incorrect, sedentary lifestyle, does not follow his position during work, then his posture can simply disastrously deteriorate.

As a result of an incorrect position of the spine, the muscles of the back tighten strongly, and this leads to the already mentioned pathologies. Therefore, parents should pay the most careful attention to the bearing of the child from childhood. This will help to avoid serious back problems in the future.

Changes in the spine can also be acquired. If the pathology of the child was detected even in early childhood, then, naturally, it was eliminated with the help of surgical intervention even in that period. symptoms of back disease

Types of acquired curvatures of the spine

Most often, such pathologies include:

  • scoliosis;
  • pathological kyphosis;
  • pathological lordosis.

In scoliosis, the spine is curved to the side, with pathological kyphosis it deviates backward, and in pathological lordosis - forward.

As a result of these processes, the muscles of the back are constantly in tension and this leads to severe pain, which is of a permanent nature. Joints thus wear out ahead of time for the reasons of an incorrect gait and excessive loading on them. Internal organs of a person can also be subjected to negative effects of this pathology, which leads to the appearance of various diseases. back disease treatment

Development and Symptoms of Sciatica

Radiculitis, or radiculopathy, is the result of the inflammation of the spinal cord roots exiting the spine. Nervous tissues for the reasons of constant pressure, which they experience from the side of a hernia, or spasmodic muscles lead to the development of radiculitis.

Symptoms of the disease can be very different. They directly depend on where the inflamed nerve endings are. In this case, the pain develops in the area where the nerve leaves the canal of the spine, and then they spread to neighboring areas. There are also problems with tactility and muscle weakness in the inflamed areas. In no case should not ignore this disease of the back. Treatment should be scheduled immediately.

Rheumatological diseases

There are a large number of ligaments and joints in the spine. Therefore, back diseases are also rheumatological disorders.

One of such pathologies is Bechterew's disease( ankylosing spondylitis).Suffer from such an illness are representatives of the male at a relatively young age. This disease has a negative effect on the joints of the spine, which causes subsequent damage to the internal organs of the person and joints.

At the beginning of the disease a person feels a pronounced discomfort in the lumbar region and a partial inability to perform familiar actions. If a patient ignores these symptoms and does not hurry to seek medical help, they continue to develop. The result is constant pain and total loss of efficiency. causes of back problems

Osteoporosis: Symptoms and Development of

This type of disease is most likely to affect older women. Also, osteoporosis can be a symptom of a disease such as hyperparathyroidism. With this disease, the parathyroid glands have an increase in the secretion of hormones. Osteoporosis leads to the loss of minerals in the bone tissue, so a woman can often suffer from fractures of the bones.

It often happens that a lady does not even realize that she has started the process of demineralization in her bones, as there are no pronounced symptoms. Only with the ease of undergoing fractures, even with minor bone loads, the patient can guess that she develops osteoporosis. In most cases, women of advanced age suffer from fractures of the neck of the hip, as well as from compression fractures of the spine.

Any lady, after reaching 50 years of age, it is desirable to be examined by a doctor to determine and control the content of the necessary trace elements in the blood. Only in this way it can protect itself from such pathologies and fractures of bones.

Treatment involves the intake of vitamins and microelements, and the course of therapy can last several years.

Myositis

Myositis is an infectious or aseptic inflammation of the back muscles. This disease can be acute and chronic.

With acute myositis, pain in the inflamed area grows very quickly. Sometimes the skin in the place of pain localization can acquire a red tint and swelling. These symptoms are associated with:

  • chills;
  • weakness;
  • loss of appetite.

With this disease in the depth of the muscles there are painful nodules. The main signs of the disease are absent.

The chronic process usually involves the widest dorsal muscle, the fibers of the muscles of the neck and shoulders. Myositis may occur as a result of the trauma. It can also be caused by viruses.

Tumor diseases

Oncological diseases can also cause severe back pain. In most cases, it can be such diseases as:

  • lymphoma;
  • myeloma;
  • lymphogranulomatosis.

Primary tumor causes rapid growth of metastases, which lead to damage to the vertebrae. A variety of malignant neoplasms can affect the spine with metastases. Chemotherapy is used for treatment, but with the presence of metastases, the chances of recovery are extremely low.

Many other tumor diseases of the spine can also develop, which only a doctor can diagnose on the basis of the tests performed.

If there is a sharp occurrence of severe back pain without a pronounced cause, you should immediately go to a medical institution to find out the etiology of these pains.

Spinal Injuries

Spinal injuries are divided into uncomplicated, in which the spinal cord is not affected, and complicated, in which the spinal cord is damaged. back disease osteochondrosis

Fracture of the spine refers to severe injuries and requires the passage of therapy in the neurosurgery department. There are a large number of fractures:

  • marginal;
  • compression;
  • cloven and plural.other

The development of symptoms directly depends on the site in which the fracture occurred and from the presence of a spinal cord injury. Thus, the resulting neck injury with impaired spinal cord function can lead to immediate death or complete paralysis of the injured person.

Back pain prevention and treatment

Everyone knows that back and spine diseases directly affect the health of all the internal organs of a person and the quality of his life. Therefore, from a small age, it is necessary to give him the most close attention. We need to monitor the correct posture, exercise and follow a proper, healthy diet. You can not ignore the slightest signs of a disease of the back.

If you have problems with the spine, you need to contact the doctor to find out the reasons and the appointment of an adequate treatment. With various diseases of the back, therapeutic exercises and various massages are of great benefit. In some cases, a course of manual therapy or other procedures is indicated. signs of back disease

Do not forget about such an effective measure of prevention of diseases of the back, like swimming. It helps to strengthen the spine and all muscles, forms a correct posture, has a beneficial effect on the nervous system and the entire body as a whole.

A preventive measure of any back disease can also be hardening of the body, for example, using a contrast shower. It is necessary to ensure that the spine is not subjected to excessive physical stress, and also to avoid stressful situations and hypothermia of the body.

Result of

There are a huge number of back problems that pose a potential threat to human life. Therefore, even the slightest discomfort in this area should not be left without attention, since only an early definition of the disease will help get a complete cure for this ailment.